AbstractGet full access to this articleView all access options for this article.Get accessReferences1. Bartram, Alan (1962) `Reading by Machine' , Typographica 5, June: 3-11 .2. Fisher, Amy Weaver and McKeeney, James L. (1933) `The Development of the ERMA Banking System: Lessons from History' , IEE Annals of the History of Computing, 15(1): 44-57 .