Group 6 germylidyne complexes in the gas phase by LIFDI and APCI mass spectrometry

Abstract

Although showing fascinating chemical properties and reactivity in solution, heavier tetrelylidyne complexes with M≡E triple bonds have not been studied in the gas phase before due to their high sensitivity towards air and moisture. We selected four group 6 germylidyne complexes, [Cp(PMe₃)₂M≡GeAr^Mes] (M = Mo (1-Mo), W (1-W), Ar^Mes = 2,6-dimesitylphenyl) and [Tp’(CO)₂M≡GeAr^Mes] (M = Mo (2-Mo), W (2-W), Tp’ = κ³-N,N’,N’’-hydridotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) borate), for a mass-spectrometric study. Liquid Injection Field Desorption Ionization (LIFDI) proved to be a well-suited technique to ionize these sensitive compounds as the spectra show the molecular ions as radical cations and only minor traces of fragmentation or degradation products. In addition, Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) connected to a high-resolving tandem mass spectrometer allowed us to study the gas-phase fragmentation behaviour of these compounds. The fragmentation patterns not only comprise the expected losses of phosphane or carbonyl ligands, respectively, but also indicate C–H bond activation by the electron-deficient metal centre. An enhanced reactivity of the tungsten species is visible in a preferred methyl abstraction in the phosphane complex 1-W compared to 1-Mo. Although degradation in solution before ionization obviously can destroy the M≡Ge triple bond, the cleavage of the M≡Ge bond upon gas-phase activation is not observed for the Mo species and only as a minor pathway for the W compounds, highlighting the high bonding energy between metal and tetrel.