Florence Kelley is a seminal, yet largely unrecognized, figure in the history of sociology. The article examines her contributions to the discipline and presents a socio-historical outline of the formation of her sociological thought. It highlights four themes that are integral to Kelleyâs praxis: women, workers, immigrants and children. Following a discussion of these themes, I go on to argue that Kelley has been neglected generally amongst many contemporary sociologists as a result of possible sexist and anti-Marxist tendencies within the discipline. Finally, I throw some light on the fact that even radical circles in contemporary sociology tend to exclude systematically their radical female counterparts.
American Sociological Association (2001) Survey of Graduate Departments of Sociology. http://www.asanet.org/research/faculty1.html. [Accessed 13 April 2004 at the University of Cambridge, UK.]
2.
Athey, Louis L. (1971) âFlorence Kelley and the Quest for Negro Equalityâ , The Journal of Negro History56: 249-261 .
3.
Banks, Olive (1999) âSome Reflections on Gender, Sociology and Womenâs Historyâ , Womenâs History Review8(3): 401-410 .
4.
Bart, Pauline B. (1971) âSexism and Social Science: From the Gilded Cage to the Iron Cage, or, the Perils of Paulineâ , Journal of Marriage and the Family, 33(4): 734-745 .
5.
Bird, Elizabeth (2001) âDisciplining the Interdisciplinary: Radicalism and the Academic Curriculumâ , British Journal of Sociology of Education22(4): 463-478 .
6.
Blumberg, Dorothy Rose (1966) Florence Kelley: The Making of a Social Pioneer. New York: Augustus M. Kelley .
7.
Dagenais, Huguette (1981) âWhen Sociology becomes Action: The Impact of Feminism on Sociological Practiceâ , Sociologie et Soci„et„es13(2): 49-65 .
8.
Deegan, Mary Jo (1988a) Jane Addams and the Men of the Chicago School, 1892-1918. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction .
9.
Deegan, Mary Jo (1988b) âW.E.B. Du Bois and the Women of Hull House, 1895-1899â , The American Sociologist19(4): 301-311 .
10.
Deegan, Mary Jo (1991) Women in Sociology: A Bio-bibliographical Sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press .
11.
Deegan, Mary Jo (1995) âThe Second Sex and the Chicago School: Womenâs Accounts, Knowledge, and Work, 1945-1960â, pp. 332-364 in Gary Alan Fine (ed.) A Second Chicago School? The Development of a Postwar American Sociology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
12.
Dewey, John (1915) The School and Society, 2nd edn.Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
13.
Eichler, Margrit (2001) âWomen Pioneers in Canadian Sociology: The Effects of a Politics of Gender and a Politics of Knowledgeâ , Canadian Journal of Sociology26(3): 375-403 .
14.
Engels, Frederick (1969) The Condition of the Working Class in England: From Personal Observation and Authentic Sources, trans. Florence Kelley. Chicago: Academy Victorian Classics .
15.
Engels, Frederick (1972) The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State. New York: Pathfinder Press .
16.
Fineman, Martha Albertson and Nancy Sweet Thomadsen (eds) (1991) At the Boundaries of Law: Feminism and Legal Theory. London: Routledge .
Gerth, Hans and Saul Landau (1963) âThe Relevance of History to the Sociological Ethosâ, pp. 26-34 in Maurice Stein and Arthur Vidich (eds), Sociology on Trial. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall .
19.
Goldmark, Josephine (1953) Impatient Crusader: Florence Kelleyâs Life Story. Urbana: University of Illinois Press .
20.
Gouldner, Alvin W. (1977) The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology. London: Heinemann .
21.
Guthrie, Elton F. (1941) âHistorical Materialism and Its Sociological Criticsâ , Social Forces26(4): 172-184 .
22.
Habermas, JÂźurgen (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action, Vol. 1, trans. Thomas McCarthy. Boston: Beacon Press .
23.
Habermas, JÂźurgen (1987) The Theory of Communicative Action, Vol. 2, trans. Thomas McCarthy. Boston: Beacon Press .
24.
Institute for Scientific Information (2004) Social Sciences Citation Index. [Accessed 13 April 2004 at the University of Cambridge, UK.]
25.
Keen, Mike Forrest (1999) Stalking the Sociological Imagination: J. Edgar Hooverâs FBI Surveillance of American Sociology. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press .
26.
Kelley, Florence (1895) âThe Sweating Systemâ, in Hull-House Maps and Papers. Boston: Thomas Y. Crowell .
27.
Kelley, Florence (1896) âWorking Boyâ , American Journal of Sociology2: 358-368 .
28.
Kelley, Florence (1898a) âIllinois Child Labor Lawâ , American Journal of Sociology3: 490-501 .
29.
Kelley, Florence (1898b) âUnited States Supreme Court and the Utah Eight Hoursâ Lawâ , American Journal of Sociology4: 21-34 .
30.
Kelley, Florence (1899) âAims and Principles of the Consumersâ Leagueâ , American Journal of Sociology5: 289-304 .
31.
Kelley, Florence (1904) âHas Illinois the Best Laws in the Country for the Protection of Children?â , American Journal of Sociology10: 299-314 .
32.
Kelley, Florence (1911) âMinimum-Wage Boardsâ , American Journal of Sociology17: 303-314 .
33.
Kelley, Florence (1914) Modern Industry: In Relation to the Family, Health, Education, Morality. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.
34.
Kelley, Florence (1969) Some Ethical Gains through Legislation. New York: Arno & The New York Times .
35.
Kelley, Florence (1986) The Autobiography of Florence Kelley, ed. Kathryn Kish Sklar . Chicago: Charles H. Kerr .
36.
La Sorte, Michael A. (1971) âSex Differences in Salary among Academic Sociology Teachersâ , The American Sociologist6(4): 304-307 .
37.
Lengermann, Patricia Madoo and Jill Niebrugge-Brantley (eds) (1998) The Women Founders: Sociology and Social Theory 1830-1930. Boston: McGraw-Hill .
38.
Lukes, Steven (1977) âRadicals in the Firing Lineâ , New Society42(783): 12-13 .
39.
MacKinnon, Catharine (1987) Feminism Unmodified: Discourses on Life and Law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press .
40.
MacKinnon, Catharine (1989) Toward a Feminist Theory of the State. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press .
41.
Mandler, Peter (1989) âThe âDouble Lifeâ in Academia: Political Commitment and/or Objective Scholarship?â , Dissent36(1): 94-99 .
42.
Marx, Karl (1921) Free Trade: An Address Delivered before the Democratic Association of Brussels, Belgium, January 9, 1848, trans. Florence Kelley. New York: New York Labor News Company .
43.
Marx, Karl and Frederick Engels (1963) Letters to Americans: 1848-1895, A Selection. New York: International Publishers .
44.
Mead, George Herbert (1967) Mind, Self, and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist, ed. Charles W. Morris . Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
45.
Mead, George Herbert (1999) Play, School, and Society, ed. Mary Jo Deegan . New York: Peter Lang .
46.
Mead, George Herbert (2001) Essays on Social Psychology, ed. Mary Jo Deegan . New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction .
47.
Mills, C. Wright (1971) The Sociological Imagination. Harmondsworth: Penguin .
48.
Myers, Daniel J. and Kimberly B. Dugan (1996) âSexism in Graduate School Classrooms: Consequences for Students and Facultyâ , Gender and Society10(3): 330-350 .
49.
Oppenheimer, Martin and Evan Stark (1999) âSociologyâ , Critical Sociology25(1): 30-35 .
50.
Orenstein, Peggy (1994) Schoolgirls: Young Women, Self-esteem, and the Confidence Gap. New York: Doubleday .
51.
Perkins, Frances (1954) âMy Recollections of Florence Kelleyâ , Social Service Review28: 12-19 .
52.
Reinharz, Shulamit (1989) âFinding a Sociological Voice: The Work of Mirra Komarovskyâ , Sociological Quarterly59(4): 374-395 .
53.
Renzetti, Claire M. and Daniel J. Curran (2000) Living Sociology, 2nd edn.Boston: Allyn & Bacon .
54.
Sklar, Kathryn Kish (1995) Florence Kelley and the Nationâs Work: The Rise of Womenâs Political Culture, 1830-1900. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press .
Spalter-Roth, Roberta (2003) American Sociological Associationâs 2001 Membership Database (unpublished). Correspondence: 5 February.
57.
Spelman, Elizabeth V. (1990) Inessential Woman: Problems of Exclusion in Feminist Thought. London: Womenâs Press .
58.
Tellis, Ashley (2001) âResisting Feminismâ , Indian Journal of Gender Studies8(1): 117-119 .
59.
Veblen, Thornstein (1994) The Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Dover Publications .
60.
Wolfe, A.B. (1917) Review of Modern Industry in Relation to the Family, Health, Education, Morality(by Florence Kelley) . American Journal of Sociology22: 694-697 .
