In this study, it was attempted to estimate the flow characteristics in the vicinity of an engine inner wall from the instantaneous local heat fluxes measured using a micro-electro-mechanical systems sensor. As the sensor has three resistance temperature detectors with a size of 315 µm fabricated on a circumference with a diameter of 900 µm in rotational symmetry, it can measure local heat flux on the equivalent scale of the turbulence of in-cylinder flow. The advective velocity and turbulent eddy scale were estimated from heat flux fluctuations using a cross-correlation analysis, and these were compared with results of particle image velocimetry performed under motored operation conditions. As a result, it was found that the micro-electro-mechanical systems sensor has the potential to detect the gas side information such as the wall parallel flow velocity. Although further verification of the physical meanings of the estimated characteristics is necessary, the micro-electro-mechanical systems sensor will become a powerful tool for engine diagnostics.
RutlandCJ. Large-eddy simulation for internal combustion engines—a review. Int J Engine Res2011; 12(5): 421–451.
2.
RakopoulosCDKosmadakisGMPariotisEG. Critical evaluation of current heat transfer models used in CFD in-cylinder engine simulations and establishment of a comprehensive wall-function formulation. Appl Energ2010; 87: 1612–1630.
3.
OkutaniRYokomoriTMatsudaMYamamotoHIidaNIshiiD, et al. Influence of tumble and unsteady effects on near-wall heat transfer in SI engine. In: Proceedings of 11th Asia-Pacific conference on combustion, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 10–14 December2017, paper no. P100. New York: Curran Associates, Inc.
4.
ButcherDSpencerAChenR. Influence of asymmetric valve strategy on large-scale and turbulent in-cylinder flows. Int J Engine Res2017; 19(6): 631–642.
5.
MatsudaMYokomoriTIidaN. Investigation of cycle-to-cycle variation of turbulent flow in a high-tumble SI engine. SAE technical paper 2017-01-2210, 2017.
6.
ShimuraMYoshidaSOsawaKMinamotoYYokomoriTIwamotoK, et al. Micro particle image velocimetry investigation of near-wall behaviors of tumble enhanced flow in an internal combustion engine. Int J Engine Res2019; 20(7): 718–725.
ChangJGüralpOFilipiZAssanisDKuoTWNajtP, et al. New heat transfer correlation for an HCCI engine derived from measurements of instantaneous surface heat flux. SAE technical paper 2004-01-2996, 2004.
9.
TorregrosaAJBermúdezVOlmedaPFygueroaO. Experimental assessment for instantaneous temperature and heat flux measurements under diesel motored engine conditions. Energ Convers Manage2012; 54: 57–66.
10.
DaoKUyeharaOAMyersPS. Heat transfer rates at gas-wall interfaces in motored piston engine. SAE technical paper 730632, 1973.
11.
DemuynckJRaesNZulianiMPaepeMDSierensRVerhelstS. Local heat flux measurements in a hydrogen and methane spark ignition engine with a thermopile sensor. Int J Hydrogen Energ2009; 34: 9857–9868.
12.
DejimaKNakabeppuONakamuraYTsuchiyaTNagasakaK. Development of metal substrate MEMS sensors for wall heat flux measurement in engines. T JSME2018; 84(858): 1–16.
13.
DejimaKNakabeppuONakamuraYTsuchiyaTNagasakaKHiguchiM. Development of an adjacent three-point MEMS heat flux sensor for internal combustion engines. T JSME2018; 84(867): 18-00245.
14.
DejimaKNakabeppuONakamuraYTsuchiyaTNagasakaK. Three-point MEMS heat flux sensor for turbulent heat transfer measurement in internal combustion engine. Int J Engine Res2019; 20(7): 696–705.
15.
NakabeppuODejimaK. Turbulent properties in IC engine derived from wall heat flux measured with a three point thin film sensor. In: Proceedings of the 16th international heat transfer conference, Beijing, China, 10–15 August2018, paper no. IHTC16-23077. New York: Begell House.
16.
NakabeppuOTsuchiyaTNakamuraYNagasakaK. Thin film resistance sensor for wall heat flux measurement in premixed combustion. T JSME2016; 82(840): 16-00083.
17.
JungDSasakiKSugataKMatsudaMYokomoriTIidaN. Combined effects of spark discharge pattern and tumble level on cycle-to-cycle variations of combustion at lean limits of SI engine operation. SAE technical paper 2017-01-0677, 2017.
18.
HishidaKSakakibaraJ. Combined planar laser-induced fluorescence-particle image velocimetry technique for velocity and temperature fields. Exp Fluids2000; 29: S129–S140.
19.
JainskiCLuLSickVDreizlerA. Laser imaging investigation of transient heat transfer processes in turbulent nitrogen jets impinging on a heated wall. Int J Heat Mass Tran2014; 74: 101–112.
20.
OkutaniRYokomoriTMatsudaMYamamotoHIidaNIshiiD, et al. Influence of tumble and unsteady effects on near-wall heat transfer phenomena in SI engine. In: Proceedings of 2017 JSAE congress (Autumn), Osaka, Japan, 11–13 October 2017, paper no. 20176214. Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan.
21.
YokomoriTMatsudaMIidaNUrataYYokooNNakataK. Research on super lean burn concept for gasoline engines with high thermal efficiency. In: Proceedings of 2016 JSAE congress (Spring), Yokohama, Japan, 25–27 May 2016, paper no. 20165267. Tokyo, Japan: Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan.
22.
ShimuraMYoshidaSMinamotoYMatsudaMYokomoriTHashimotoH, et al. High spatial resolution PIV investigation of tumble enhanced flow in a gasoline engine. In: Proceedings of the 54th national heat transfer symposium, Omiya, Japan, 24–26 May 2017, paper no. A214. Tokyo, Japan: Heat Transfer Society of Japan.
23.
SchmittMFrouzakisCEWrightYMTomboulidesABoulouchosK. Direct numerical simulation of the compression stroke under engine relevant conditions: local wall heat flux distribution. Int J Heat Mass Tran2016; 92: 718–731.
