The operation of a high-pressure, piston-plunger fuel pump oriented for use in the common rail circuit of modern diesel engines for providing fuel to the injectors is investigated in this study from a numerical perspective. Both the suction and pressurization phases of the pump stroke were simulated with the overall flow time being in the order of 12 × 10−3 s. The topology of the cavitating flow within the pump configuration was captured through the use of an equation of state implemented in the framework of a barotropic, homogeneous equilibrium model. Cavitation was found to set in within the pressure chamber as early as 0.2 × 10−3 s in the operating cycle, while the minimum liquid volume fraction detected was in the order of 60% during the second period of the valve opening. Increase in the in-cylinder pressure during the final stages of the pumping stroke leads to the collapse of the previously arisen cavitation structures and three layout locations, namely, the piston edge, the valve and valve-seat region and the outlet orifice, were identified as vulnerable to cavitation-induced erosion through the use of cavitation aggressiveness indicators.
CataniaAEFerrariA. Development and performance assessment of the new-generation CF fuel injection system for diesel passenger cars. Appl Energ2012; 91: 483–495.
2.
SilvaPASFShinomiyaLDde OliveiraTFVazJRPAmarante MesquitaALBrasil JuniorACP. Analysis of cavitation for the optimized design of hydrokinetic turbines using BEM. Appl Energ2017; 2: 1281–1291.
3.
MoonSHuangWLiZWangJ. End-of-injection fuel dribble of multi-hole diesel injector: comprehensive investigation of phenomenon and discussion on control strategy. Appl Energ2016; 179: 7–16.
4.
Karlsen-DaviesNDAggidisGA. Regenerative liquid ring pumps review and advances on design and performance. Appl Energ2016; 164: 815–825.
5.
AvellanF. Introduction to cavitation in hydraulic machinery. In: Proceedings of the 6th international conference on hydraulic machinery and hydrodynamics, Timisoara, 21–22 October 2004, pp. 11–22. Timisoara, Romania: Scientific Bulletin of the Politehnica University of Timisoara, Special Issue.
6.
SchmidtHKirschnerORiedelbauchS. Cavitation measurements on a pump-turbine model. J Phys Conf Ser2015; 656: 012071.
7.
WangS. The analysis of cavitation problems in the axial piston pump. J Fluid Eng2010; 132: 074502.
8.
KumarSBergadaJM. The effect of piston grooves performance in an axial piston pumps via CFD analysis. Int J Mech Sci2013; 66: 168–179.
9.
NiWWBartholmeDCassM. The CFD analysis of pressure pulsation in the aircraft engine and control systems lubrication pump. SAE Int J Aerosp2013; 6: 49–55.
10.
FrosinaENapoliU. A tridimensional CFD analysis of the oil pump of an high performance engine. SAE technical paper 2014-01-1712, 2014.
11.
PetzoldMWeberJDautryEOhligschlägerOMüllerA. Visualization and analysis of the multiphase flow in an electromagnetically driven dosing pump. In: Proceedings of the ASME/BATH 2013 symposium on fluid power and motion control, Sarasota, FL, 6–9 October 2013. New York: ASME.
12.
GiuffridaAFicarellaALaforgiaD. Study of the delivery behaviour of a pump for common rail fuel injection equipment. Proc IMechE, Part I: J Systems and Control Engineering2009; 223: 521–535.
13.
IannettiASticklandMTDempsterWM. An advanced CFD model to study the effect of non-condensable gas on cavitation in positive displacement pumps. Open Eng2015; 5: 323–331.
14.
TsukijiTNakayamaKSaitoKYakabeS. Study on the cavitating flow in an oil hydraulic pump. In: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on fluid power and mechatronics, Beijing, China, 17–20 August 2011. New York: IEEE.
15.
RoemerDBPedersenHCAndersenTO. Simulation of dynamic behaviour of a digital displacement motor using transient 3D computational fluid dynamics analysis. In: Proceedings of the ASME/BATH 2013 symposium on fluid power and motion control, Sarasota, FL, 6–9 October 2013. New York: ASME.
16.
HusmeierFSamplPPlatzHLGreifD. Numerical simulation of compressible multi-phase flow in high-pressure fuel pump. In: Proceedings of the 4th joint US-European fluids engineering division summer meeting, Chicago, IL, 3–7 August 2014. New York: ASME.
17.
BrennenC. Cavitation and bubble dynamics. London: Oxford University Press, 1995.
18.
DularMStoffelBSirokB. Development of a cavitation erosion model. Wear2006; 261: 642–655.
19.
Fortes-PatellaRChallierGReboudJLArcherA. Cavitation erosion mechanism: numerical simulations of the interaction between pressure waves and solid boundaries. In: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on cavitation, Pasadena, CA, 20–23 June 2001. California Institute of Technology.
20.
LiZ. Assessment of cavitation erosion with a multiphase RANS. PhD Thesis, Delft University, Delft, 2012.
21.
KoukouvinisPBergelesGGavaisesM. A cavitation aggressiveness index with the Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes methodology for cavitating flows. J Hydrodyn2015; 24: 579–586.
22.
TimushevSFKnyazevVAPanaiottiSSSoldatovVARohatgiUS. Numerical procedure for assessment of centrifugal pump cavitation erosion. In: Proceedings of the ASME international mechanical engineering congress and exposition, Boston, MA, 31 October–6 November 2008. New York: ASME.
23.
SedlářMZimaPBajorekMKrátkýT. CFD analysis of unsteady cavitation phenomena in multistage pump with inducer. IOP C Ser Earth Env2012; 15: 062024.
Coutier-DelgoshaOReboudJLDelannoyY. Numerical simulation of the unsteady behaviour of cavitating flows. Int J Numer Meth Fl2003; 42: 527–548.
26.
DularMDelgoshaOC. Numerical modelling of cavitation erosion. Int J Numer Meth Fl2009; 61: 1388–1410.
27.
MenterFREgorovY. The scale-adaptive simulation method for unsteady turbulent flow predictions. Part 1: theory and model description. Flow Turbul Combust2010; 85: 113–138.
28.
ANSYS. ANSYS Fluent 16 theory guide. Canonsburg, PA: ANSYS, 2013.
29.
DularMCoutier-DelgoshaO. Numerical modelling of cavitation erosion. Int J Numer Meth Fl2009; 61: 1388–1410.
30.
EgererCPHickelSSchmidtSJAdamsNA. Large-eddy simulation of turbulent cavitating flow in a micro channel. Phys Fluids2014; 26: 085102.
31.
WashioS. Recent developments in cavitation mechanisms: a guide for scientists and engineers. 1st ed. Cambridge, UK: Elsevier, 2014, pp.133–157.
32.
KolevNI. Multiphase flow dynamics 3: turbulence, gas absorption and release, diesel fuel properties. Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.
33.
KoukouvinisPNaseriHGavaisesM. Performance of turbulence and cavitation models in prediction of incipient and developed cavitation. Int J Engine Res2016; 18: 333–350.
34.
GiannadakisEGavaisesMArcoumanisC. Modelling of cavitation in diesel injector nozzles. J Fluid Mech2008; 616: 153–193.
35.
KoukouvinisPGavaisesM. Simulation of throttle flow with two phase and single phase homogenous equilibrium model. J Phys Conf Ser2015; 656: 012086.
36.
MencingerJ. An alternative finite volume discretization of body force field on collocated grid. In: PetrovaR (ed.) Finite volume method – powerful means of engineering design. 1st ed. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech Press, 2012. pp.101–117.
37.
IvingsMJCausonDMToroEF. On Riemann solvers for compressible liquids. Int J Numer Meth Fl1998; 28: 395–418.
38.
ToroEF. Riemann solvers and numerical methods for fluid dynamics: a practical introduction. Heidelberg: Springer, 2009.
39.
BatchelorGK. An introduction to fluid dynamics. London: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
40.
JeongJHussainF. On the identification of a vortex. J Fluid Mech1995; 285: 69–94.
