Summary: A review of the theoretical construction of international social work.
Findings: Although social workers are now more frequently engaged in international activities than ever before, they remain divided on a number of critical issues. These include the definition of international social work; the nature and impact of globalization on social work; the proper role of remedial, activist and developmental practice; and finally the place of values, cultural diversity and internationalism as an ideological position. These issues are discussed and clarified, and an attempt is made to formulate proposals that can accommodate and resolve differences.
Applications: The applications of this article concern the theoretical construction of social work, in particular, the development of transnational social work; the construction of curricula for social work education and a reconceptualization of the importance of globalization and regionalism for social work practice.
Almanzor, A. (1967) ‘The Profession of Social Work in the Philippines’, in Council on Social Work Education, An Intercultural Exploration: Universals and Differentials in Social Work Values, Functions and Practice, pp. 123-137. New York: Council on Social Work Education.
2.
Asamoah, Y., Healy, L. M. and Mayadas, N. (1997) ‘Ending the International-Domestic Dichotomy: New Approaches to a Global Curriculum for the Millennium’, Journal of Social Work Education33(2): 389-401.
3.
Bose, A. B. (1992) ‘Social Work in India: Developmental Roles for a Helping Profession’, in M. C. Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka and J. Midgley (eds) Profiles in International Social Work, pp. 71-84. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
4.
Briar, S. and Miller, H. (1971) Problems and Issues in Social Casework. New York: Columbia University Press.
5.
Council on Social Work Education (1967) An Intercultural Exploration: Universals and Differentials in Social Work Values, Functions and Practice. New York: Council on Social Work Education.
6.
Deacon, B., Hulse, M. and Stubbs, P. (1997) Global Social Policy: International Organizations and the Future of Welfare. London: Sage Publications.
7.
Dominelli, L. (1999) ‘Neo-liberalism, Social Exclusion and Welfare Clients in a Global Economy’, International Journal of Social Welfare8(1): 14-22.
8.
Else, J. F. and Raheim, S. (1992) ‘AFDC Clients as Entrepreneurs: Self-employment Offers an Important Option’, Public Welfare50(4): 36-41.
9.
Estes, R. (1992) Internationalizing Social Work Education: A Guide to Resources for a New Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania School of Social Work.
10.
Friedlander, W. (1955) Introduction to Social Welfare. New York: Prentice Hall.
11.
Friedlander, W., ed. (1958) Concepts and Methods of Social Work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
12.
Friedlander, W. (1975) International Social Welfare. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
13.
Giddens, A. (1990) The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
14.
Gray, M. (1996) ‘Promoting Social Development through Community Social Work’, Journal of Applied Social Sciences21(1): 45-52.
15.
Harvey, D. (1989) The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Oxford: Blackwell.
16.
Healy, L. M. (1995) ‘Comparative and International Overview’, in T. D. Watts, D. Elliott and N. Mayadas (eds) International Handbook on Social Work Education, pp. 421-440. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
17.
Hokenstad, M. C. and Kendall, K. A. (1995) ‘International Social Work Education’, in National Association of Social Workers, Encyclopedia of Social Work, pp. 1511-1520. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
18.
Hokenstad, M. C., Khinduka, S. K. and Midgley, J. (1992) ‘The World of International Social Work’, in M. C. Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka and J. Midgley (eds) Profiles in International Social Work, pp. 1-10. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
19.
Hokenstad, M. C. and Midgley, J. (1997) ‘Realities of Global Interdependence’, in M. C. Hokenstad and J. Midgley (eds) Issues in International Social Work, pp. 1-11. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
20.
Ife, J. (1998) ‘Globalization, Internationalization and Community Services: Implications for Policy and Practice’, The Journal of Applied Social Science23(1): 43-56.
21.
Jimenez, M. and Alwyn, N. (1992) ‘Social Work in Chile: Support for the Struggle for Justice in Latin America’, in M. C. Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka and J. Midgley (eds) Profiles in International Social Work, pp. 29-41. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
22.
Kendall, K. A. (1974) ‘Foreword’, in P. J. Stickney and R. J. Resnick (eds) World Guide to Social Work Education, pp. i-v. New York: International Association of Schools of Social Work.
23.
Kendall, K. A. (1995) ‘Foreword’, in T. D. Watts, D. Elliott and N. Mayadas (eds) International Handbook on Social Work Education, pp. xiii-xvii. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
24.
Kendall, K. A. (2000) Social Work Education: Its Origins in Europe. Alexandria, VA: Council on Social Work Education.
25.
Khinduka, S. K. (1971) ‘Social Work in the Third World’, Social Service Review45(1): 62-73.
26.
Livermore, M. (1996) ‘Social Work, Social Development and Microenterprises: Techniques and Issues for Implementation’, Journal of Applied Social Sciences21(1): 37-46.
27.
Lowe, G. R. and Reid, N. P., eds (1999) The Professionalization of Poverty: Social Work and the Poor in the Twentieth Century. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
28.
Mazibuko, F., McKendrick, B. and Patel, L. (1992) ‘Social Work in South Africa: Coping with Apartheid and Change’, in M. C. Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka and J. Midgley (eds) Profiles in International Social Work, pp. 115-128. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
29.
Midgley, J. (1981) Professional Imperialism: Social Work in the Third World. London: Heinemann.
30.
Midgley, J. (1989) ‘Social Work in the Third World: Crisis and Response’, in P. Carter, T. Jeffs and M. Smith (eds) Social Work and Social Welfare Yearbook, pp. 33-45. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
31.
Midgley, J. (1990) ‘International Social Work: Learning from the Third World’, Social Work35(4): 295-301.
32.
Midgley, J. (1992) ‘The Challenge of International Social Work’, in M. C. Hokenstad, S. K. Khinduka and J. Midgley (eds) Profiles in International Social Work, pp. 13-28. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
33.
Midgley, J. (1993) ‘Promoting a Development Focus in the Community Organization Curriculum: Relevance of the African Experience’, Journal of Social Work Education29(3): 269-278.
34.
Midgley, J. (1994) ‘Transnational Strategies for Social Work: Towards Effective Reciprocal Exchanges’, in R. Meinert, T. Pardeck and P. Sullivan (eds) Issues in Social Work: A Critical Analysis, pp. 165-180. Westport, CT: Auburn House.
35.
Midgley, J. (1997a) Social Welfare in Global Context. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
36.
Midgley, J. (1997b) ‘Social Work and International Social Development: Promoting a Developmental Perspective in the Profession’, in M. C. Hokenstad and J. Midgley (eds) Issues in International Social Work, pp. 11-26. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
37.
Mishra, R. (1999) Globalization and the Welfare State. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.
38.
Nagpaul, H. (1972) ‘The Diffusion of American Social Work Education to India’, International Social Work15(1): 13-17.
39.
Nagy, G. and Falk, D. (2000) ‘Dilemmas in International and Cross-cultural Social Work’, International Social Work43(1): 49-60.
40.
Otis, J. (1986) ‘The Transferability of Western Social Work Education Across National and Cultural Boundaries: Fact or Fiction?’, Journal of International and Comparative Social Welfare2(1, 2): 37-45.
41.
Patel, L. (1992) Restructuring Social Welfare: Options for South Africa. Johannesburg: Raven Press.
42.
Resnick, R. P. (1976) ‘Conscientization: An Indigenous Approach to International Social Work’, International Social Work19(2): 21-29.
43.
Robertson, R. (1992) Globalization. London: Sage Publications.
44.
Sanders, D. S. and Pedersen, P. (eds) (1984) Education for International Social Welfare. Manoa, HI: University of Hawaii School of Social Work.
45.
Shawkey, A. (1972) ‘Social Work Education in Africa’, International Social Work15(1): 3-16.
46.
Specht, H. and Courtney, M. (1994) Unfaithful Angels: How Social Work has Abandoned its Mission. New York: Free Press.
47.
United Nations (1950) Training for Social Work: An International Survey. New York.
48.
Wagner, A. (1997) ‘Social Work and the Global Economy’, in M. C. Hokenstad and J. Midgley (eds) Issues in International Social Work, pp. 45-65. Washington, DC: NASW Press.
49.
Walton, R. and El Nasr, A. (1988) ‘Indigenization and Authentization in Terms of Social Work in Egypt’, International Social Work31(2): 135-144.
50.
Wijewardena, G. (1967) ‘Humanism and the Values of Social Work in Asia’, in Council on Social Work Education, An Intercultural Exploration: Universals and Differentials in Social Work Values, Functions and Practice, pp. 112-122. New York: Council on Social Work Education.
