In recent years, the economic relevance of cruise tourism has increased considerably. However, there are still many doubts regarding the real economic value of this industry in a port of call. This paper presents a methodology to estimate the total expenditures carried out in a port of call. The port of Funchal on the island of Madeira was used as a case study, given the great relevance of the cruise tourism industry to this port of call. A combination of several methods, and of secondary and primary data, was used to assess the total expenses of the cruise passengers, crew members, and cruise lines. Results reveal that, although cruise tourism has an important role in the economic development of the island of Madeira nowadays, several strategies should be adopted to increase this relevance. Therefore, the paper ends with some implications for increasing the direct economic value generated by cruise tourism.
Almeida JFG (2011) Os cruzeiros e o Porto do Funchal: Importǎncia económica para o turismo na região. Master Thesis. University of Madeira. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/605
2.
AndriotisKAgiomirgianakisG (2010)
Cruise visitors’ experience in a Mediterranean port of call. International Journal of Tourism Research12(4): 390–404.
Bonilla-PriegoMJFontXPacheco-OlivaresMR (2014)
Corporate sustainability reporting index and baseline data for the cruise industry. Tourism Management44: 149–160.
6.
BrejlaPGilbert (2014)
An exploratory use of web content analysis to understand cruise tourism services. International Journal of Tourism Research16: 157–168.
7.
Brida JG and Risso WA (2010) Cruise passengers expenditure analysis and probability of repeat visits to Costa Rica: a cross section data analysis. Tourism Analysis 15: 425–434.
8.
BridaJGBujsteinDTealdeE (2015)
Exploring cruise ship passenger spending patterns in two Uruguayan ports of call. Current Issues in Tourism18(7): 684–700.
9.
BridaJGBuksteinDGarridoN, et al. (2010)
Cruise passengers’ expenditure in the Caribbean Port of call of Cartagena De Indias: A cross-section data analysis. Estudios Y Perspectivas En Turismo19(5): 607–634.
10.
BridaJGChiappaGDMeledduM, et al. (2014b)
A comparison of residents’ perceptions in two cruise ports in the Mediterranean sea. International Journal of Tourism Research16: 180–190.
11.
BridaJGPulinaMRiañoE, et al. (2012)
Cruise passengers’ experience embarking in a Caribbean home port. The case study of Cartagena de Indias. Ocean & Coastal Management55: 135–145.
12.
BridaJGRiañoEAguirroSZ (2011)
Residents’ attitudes and perceptions towards cruise tourism development: A case study of Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). Tourism and Hospitality Research11(3): 181–196.
13.
BridaJGScuderiRSeijasMN (2014a)
Segmenting cruise passengers visiting Uruguay: A factor-cluster analysis. International Journal of Tourism Research16: 209–222.
14.
BridaJGZapataS (2010)
Economic impacts of cruise tourism: The case of Costa Rica. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research21(2): 322–338.
CantisSDFerranteMKahaniA, et al. (2016)
Cruise passengers’ behavior at the destination: Investigation using GPS technology. Tourism Management52: 133–150.
17.
CaricHMackelworthP (2014)
Cruise tourism environmental impacts – The perspective from the Adriatic Sea. Ocean & Coastal Management102: 350–363.
18.
Castilho-ManzanoJILopez-ValpuestaLAlanísFJ (2015)
Tourism managers’ view of the economic impact of cruise traffic: The case of southern Spain. Current Issues in Tourism18(7): 701–705.
19.
CerchielloG (2014)
Cruise market: A real opportunity for transatlantic shipping lines in the 1960s – The case of the Spanish company Ybarra. Journal of Tourism History6(1): 16–37.
20.
ChangY-TLiuS-MParkH, et al. (2016b)
Cruise traveler satisfaction at a port of call. Maritime Policy & Management43(4): 483–494.
21.
ChangY-TParkHLiuS-M, et al. (2016a)
Economic impact of cruise industry using regional input-output analysis: A case study of Incheon. Maritime Policy & Management43(1): 1–18.
22.
ChaseGAlonI (2002)
Evaluating the economic impact of cruise tourism: A case study of Barbados. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research13(1): 5–18.
23.
ChenC-A (2016)
How can Taiwan create a niche in Asia’s cruise tourism industry?Tourism Management55: 173–183.
24.
ChiappaGDAbbateT (2016)
Island cruise tourism development: A resident’s perspective in the context of Italy. Current Issues in Tourism19(3): 1372–1385.
25.
Coggins Jr AO (2014) The globalization of the cruise industry: a tale of ships. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 16(2): 138–151.
de GrosboisD (2016)
Corporate social responsibility reporting in the cruise tourism industry: A performance evaluation using a new institutional theory based model. Journal of Sustainable Tourism24(2): 245–269.
31.
DiPietroRBPetersonR (2017)
Exploring cruise experiences, satisfaction, and loyalty: The case of Aruba as a small-island tourism economy. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration18(1): 41–60.
DouglasNDouglasN (2004)
Cruise ship passenger spending patterns in Pacific island ports. International Journal of Tourism Research6(4): 251–261.
34.
DwyerLForsythP (1998)
Economic significance of cruise tourism. Annals of Tourism Research25(2): 393–415.
35.
EusébioCDe CastroEACostaC (2013) The economic impact of tourism in the central region of Portugal: A regional economic impact study with marketing implications. In: TisdellCA (ed.) Handbook of Tourism Economic Analysis, New Applications and Case Studies.
London:
World Scientific Publishing, Co, pp.543–572.
36.
Eusébio MCA (2006) Avaliação do Impacte Económico do Turismo a Nível Regional: O Caso da Região Centro de Portugal. PhD Dissertation, University of Aveiro – Portugal. Available at: https://ria.ua.pt/bitstream/10773/1839/1/2007000092.pdf.
37.
FontXGuixMBonilla-Priego, et al. (2016)
Corporate social responsibility in cruising: Using materiality analysis to create shared value. Tourism Management53: 175–186.
38.
GibsonPBentleyM (2007)
A study of impacts – Cruise tourism and the South West of England. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing20(3–4): 63–77.
39.
HenthorneTL (2000)
An analysis of expenditures by cruise ship passengers in Jamaica. Journal of Travel Research38(3): 246–250.
40.
HosanySWithamM (2010)
Dimensions of cruisers’ experiences, satisfaction, and intention to recommend. Journal of Travel Research49(3): 351–364.
41.
HuangJHsuCH (2009)
Interaction among fellow cruise passengers: Diverse experiences and impacts. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing26(5–6): 547–567.
42.
HungKPetrickJF (2011a)
The role of self-and functional congruity in cruising intentions. Journal of Travel Research50(1): 100–112.
43.
HungKPetrickJK (2011b)
Why do you cruise? Exploring the motivations for taking cruise holidays, and the construction of a cruising motivation scale. Tourism Management32: 386–393.
44.
HurJAdlerH (2013)
An exploratory study of the propensity for South Koreans to take cruises: Investigating Koreans’ perceptions of cruise ship travel. International Journal of Tourism Research15: 171–183.
45.
Hwang J and Hyun S (2016) Perceived firm innovativeness in cruise travelers’ experience and perceived luxury value: the moderating effect of advertising effectiveness. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 21(1): 101–128.
46.
INE (2017) Estatísticas Do Turismo 2016.
Lisboa:
Instituto Nacional de Estatística.
47.
JaacksonR (2004)
Beyond the tourist Dubble?: Cruiseship passengers in port. Annals of Tourism Research31(1): 44–60.
48.
JonesRV (2011)
Motivations to cruise: An itinerary and cruise experience study. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management18: 30–40.
KastenholzEEusébioCCarneiroMJ (2016)
Purchase of local products within the rural tourist experience context. Tourism Economics22(4): 729–748.
51.
LarsenSWolfK (2016)
Exploring assumptions about cruise tourists’ visits to ports. Tourism Management Perspectives17: 44–49.
52.
LeeGLeeM-K (2017)
Estimation of the shore excursion expenditure function during cruise tourism in Korea. Maritime Policy & Management44(4): 524–535.
53.
LeeM-KYooS-H (2015)
Using a Choice Experiment (CE) to value the attributes of cruise tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing32(4): 416–427.
54.
LeeSChuaB-LHanH (2017)
Role of service encounter and physical environment performances, novelty, satisfaction, and affective commitment in generating cruise passenger loyalty. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research22(2): 131–146.
55.
McCarthyJ (2017) Maximising cruise tourism outcomes in small-medium cruise ports: Lessons from Atlantic Canada. Urban Research & Practice. Epub ahead of print 2017. DOI: 10.1080/17535069.2017.1339822
56.
MarcussenCH (2016) Visualising the network of cruise destinations in the Baltic Sea – A multidimensional scaling approach. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 17(2): 208–222. DOI: 10.1080/15022250.2016.1142893.
57.
MartiBE (2004)
Trends in world and extended-length cruising (1985–2002). Marine Policy28: 199–211.
58.
MarušićZHorakSTomljenovićR (2008)
The socioeconomic impacts of cruise tourism: A case study of creation destinations. Tourism in Marine Environments5(2–3): 131–144.
59.
OzturkUAGogtasH (2016)
Destination attributes, satisfaction, and the cruise visitor’s intent to revisit and recommend. Tourism Geographies18(2): 194–212.
60.
PapathanassisABeckmannI (2011)
Assessing the ‘poverty of cruise theory’ hypothesis. Annals of Tourism Research38(1): 153–174.
61.
ParolaFSattaGPencoL, et al. (2014)
Destination satisfaction and cruiser behavior. The moderating effect of excursion package. Research in Transportation Business & Management13: 56–64.
62.
PencoLDi VaioA (2014)
Monetary and non-monetary value creation in cruise port destinations: An empirical assessment. Maritime Policy & Management41(5): 501–513.
63.
PetrickJFTonnerCQuinnC (2006)
The utilization of critical incident technique to examine cruise passengers’ repurchase intentions. Journal of Travel Research44: 273–280.
64.
PinnockFH (2014)
The future of tourism in an emerging economy: The reality of the cruise industry in Caribbean. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes6(2): 127–137.
RodrigueJ-PNotteboomT (2013)
The geography of cruises: Itineraries not destinations. Applied Geography38: 31–42.
67.
Sanz-BlasSBuzovaDCarvajal-TrujilloE (2017)
Investigating the moderating effect of information sources on cruise tourist behaviour in a port of call. Current Issues in Tourism20(2): 120–128.
68.
SattaGParolaFPencoL, et al. (2015)
Word of mouth and satisfaction in cruise port destinations. Tourism Geographies17(1): 54–75.
69.
SimõesÁVSumaresJSilvaI (2002) Transportes Na Madeira. 1st ed.
Funchal:
Direção Regional dos Assuntos Culturais.
70.
SousaJF de (2005) O Porto do Funchal No Contexto do Sistema Portuário Insular Regional: As Infraestruturas, Os Tráfegos E as Funções Portuárias. Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Phd Dissertation. Available at: http://run.unl.pt/handle/10362/10959.
StewartEJDawsonJDraperD (2011)
Cruise tourism and residents in Arctic Canada: Development of a resident attitude typology. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management18(1): 95–106.
73.
SunXFengXGauriD (2014)
The cruise industry in China: Efforts, progress and challenges. International Journal of Hospitality Management42: 71–84.
74.
ThurauBSeekampECarverAD, et al. (2015)
Should cruise ports market ecotourism? A comparative analysis of passenger spending expectations within the Panama canal watershed. International Journal of Tourism Research17: 45–53.
75.
VayáEGarciaJRMurilloJ, et al. (2017) Economic impact of cruise activity: The case of Barcelona. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. Epub ahead of print 2017. DOI: 10.1080/10548408.2017.1363683.
76.
WangYJungK-AYeoG-T, et al. (2014)
Selecting a cruise port of call location using the fuzzy-AHP method: A case study in East Asia. Tourism Management42: 262–270.
77.
Wood RE (2000) Caribbean Cruise Tourism: globalization at sea. Anals of Tourism Research 27(2): 345–370.
78.
WilsonJShoneMCSimmonsDG, et al. (2015)
Making waves: Examining the interface between cruise tourism and destination community in Akaroa, New Zealand. Tourism in Marine Environments10(3–4): 211–223.
79.
ZhangZYeQSongH, et al. (2015)
The structure of customer satisfaction with cruise-line services: An empirical investigation based on online word of mouth. Current Issues in Tourism18(5): 450–464.
