This paper presents three-dimensional-dynamic finite element simulations of both conventional and ultrasonic peening processes. The proposed models have the advantages of being very close to reality and of taking into account the majority of the influencing factors linked to the processing parameters, the shot–target contact conditions and the monotonic-cyclic elastic–plastic behavior law coupled to the damage of the treated material. The implementations of these simulations allow predicting the changes of the main affecting fatigue surface properties, which are: (i) the in-depth profiles of compressive residual stresses and the Von Mises equivalent plastic strains, (ii) the peened-surface damage values (iii) and the micro-geometrical surface irregularity patterns. Applications have been carried out on two materials: the AISI 316L and the AISI 2205. The comparisons of the computed results to the available experimental investigations show good correlations. These results have been used and exploited to analyze and to compare the two studied peening processes.
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