In this essay, I describe a perspective of what we may call a ‘Southern Theory’ in Iran. Historical and contemporary conditions in Iran have mediated against the development of such a theory, yet could, if reflexively approached, produce a glocal theory. In exploring the issue via Iran, I note the necessity of emphasizing the diversity of thought encompassed by the Southern Theory, and of considering the different time/spaces of the South. The essay has a critical approach regarding current social and scientific relations in and out of Iran in the social sciences in general, and particularly in anthropology. In this way, I try to rethink the question of English as a scientific lingua franca, considering the short and long consequences of such an approach.
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