This paper reviews the historical development of juvenile justice, provides critical analysis of the governmental perspective, identifies current and prospective programme models and examines trends that will shape juvenile justice in the 21st century. These trends include changing demographics, escalating perceptions of adolescent violence, increasing public frustration with crime and evolving conservative and punitive philosophies towards problem youth. International comparative data is also included. This paper was orginally presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, March 1998, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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