Traumatic brain injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK with substantial associated economic costs to the healthcare system. This article explores the role of neuroimaging in both acute and long-term management of traumatic brain injury patients. We discuss the indications for urgent cross-section imaging as well as radiological features of both primary insults and secondary injuries. The role of neuroimaging in guiding surgical therapy and monitoring post-operative traumatic brain injury patients has also been described. Following initial injury, traumatic brain injury patients can suffer from a wide variety of physical, social and psychological difficulties. New techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging in combination with conventional magnetic resonance imaging sequences may provide useful information in predicting long-term prognosis and guiding rehabilitation.
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