Social inequalities in infectious diseases

Mamelund S-E. Social inequality – a forgotten factor in pandemic influenza preparedness. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2017;137;911–3.

Piketty T. Capital in the twenty-first century. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2014.

Kayman H Ablorh-Odjidja A. Revisiting public health preparedness: incorporating social justice principles into pandemic preparedness planning for influenza. J Public Health Manag Pract 2006;12:373–80.

Lee C Rogers WA Braunack-Mayer A. Social justice and pandemic influenza planning: the role of communication strategies. Public Health Ethics 2008;1:223–34.

Uscher-Pines L Duggan PS Garoon JP , et al. Planning for an influenza pandemic: social justice and disadvantaged groups. Hastings Cent Rep 2007;37:32–9.

Simonsen L Spreeuwenberg P Lustig R , et al. Global mortality estimates for the 2009 influenza pandemic from the GLaMOR project: a modeling study. PLoS Med 2013;10:e1001558.

Rutter PD Mytton OT Mak M , et al. Socio-economic disparities in mortality due to pandemic influenza in England. Int J Public Health 2012;57:745–50.

Mamelund S-E Shelley-Egan C Rogeberg O. The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: systematic review and meta-analysis. medRxiv 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.09.20246496.

Barrett R. Dark winter and the spring of 1972: deflecting the social lessons of smallpox. Med Anthropol 2006;25:171–91.

Thelle DS Føorde OH Try K , et al. The Tromsøo heart study. Methods and main results of the cross-sectional study. Acta Med Scand 1976;200:107–18.

Jacobsen BK Thelle DS. Risk factors for coronary heart disease and level of education. The Tromsø Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1988;127:923–32.

Jenum AK Stensvold I Thelle DS. Differences in cardiovascular disease mortality and major risk factors between districts in Oslo. An ecological analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:S59–65.

Mamelund S-E Shelley-Egan C Rogeberg O. The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2019;8:5.

Iuliano AD Roguski KM Chang HH , et al. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet 2017;391:1285–300.

Paget J Spreeuwenberg P Charu V , et al. Global mortality associated with seasonal influenza epidemics: new burden estimates and predictors from the GLaMOR Project. J Global Health 2019;9:020421.

Gran JM Iversen B Hungnes O , et al. Estimating influenza-related excess mortality and reproduction numbers for seasonal influenza in Norway, 1975–2004. Epidemiol Infect 2010;138:1559–68.

Mamelund S-E. Influenza, historical. In: Heggenhougen K Quah S (eds) International encyclopedia of public health. Vol. 3. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2008, pp.597–609.

Nassim NT. The black swan: the impact of the highly improbable. 2nd ed. New York: Random House, 2010.

De Lusignan S Dorward J Correa A , et al. Association of age, gender, deprivation, urbanicity, ethnicity, and smoking with a positive test for COVID-19 in an English primary care surveillance network: cross sectional study of the first 500 cases. Lancet Infect Dis 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3578782

Price-Haywood EG Burton J Fort D , et al. Hospitalization and mortality among black patients and white patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2020;382:2534–43.

Gu T Mack JA Salvatore M , et al. COVID-19 outcomes, risk factors and associations by race: a comprehensive analysis using electronic health records data in Michigan Medicine. medRxiv 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.16.20133140.

Steyn N Binny R Hannah K , et al. Estimated inequities in COVID-19 infection fatality rates by ethnicity for Aotearoa New Zealand. N Z Med J 2020;133:28–39.

Drefahl S Wallace M Mussino E , et al. A population-based cohort study of socio-demographic risk factors for COVID-19 deaths in Sweden. Nat Commun 2020;11:5097.

Williamson EJ Walker AJ Bhaskaran K , et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY. Nature 2020;584:430–6.

Han Y Li VOK Lam JCK , et al. Who is more susceptible to Covid-19 infection and mortality in the States? medRxiv 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.5.01.20087403.

Dahal S Mizumoto K Rothenberg R , et al. Investigating spatial variability in COVID-19 pandemic severity across 19 geographic areas, Spain, 2020. medRxiv 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.14.20065524.

Brandén M Aradhya S Kolk M , et al. Residential context and COVID-19 mortality among adults aged 70 years and older in Stockholm: a population-based, observational study using individual-level data. Lancet Healthy Longevity 2020;1:E80–8.

Windsor-Shellard B Kaur J. Coronavirus (COVID-19) related deaths by occupation, England and Wales: deaths registered up to and including 20 April 2020. Provisional analysis of deaths involving the coronavirus (COVID-19), by different occupational groups, among males and females aged 20 to 64 years in England and Wales, https://www.ons.gov.uk/releases/covid19relateddeathsbyoccupationenglandandwalesdeathsregistereduptoandincluding20thapril2020 (2020, last accessed 19 February 2021).

Folkehelseinstituttet. COVID-19-EPIDEMIEN: Kunnskap, situasjon, prognose, risiko og respons i Norge etter uke 45. Oslo, 5 November 2020.

Indseth T Grøsland M Arnesen Trude , et al. COVID-19 among immigrants in Norway, notified infections, related hospitalizations and associated mortality: A register-based study. Scand J Publ Health. Epub ahead of print 7 January 2021. DOI: 10.1177/1403494820984026

Alstadsæter A Bratsberg B Eielsen G , et al. The first weeks of the coronavirus crisis: Who got hit, when and why? Evidence from Norway. Covid Economics, Vetted and Real-Time Papers, 7 May 2020.

Folkehelseinstituttet. Pandemi- og epidemikomitéen, https://www.fhi.no/sv/influensa/influensapandemier/pandemi—og-epidemikomiteen/ (2018, accessed 6 November 2020).

Sample I. Who’s who on secret scientific group advising UK government? The Guardian, 24 April 2020.

Van Daalen KR Bajnoczki C Chowdhury M , et al. Symptoms of a broken system: the gender gaps in COVID-19 decision-making. BMJ Global Health 2020;5:e003549.

Matthews D. German humanities scholars enlisted to end coronavirus lockdown. Times Higher Education, 22 April 2020.

Horton R. Offline: COVID-19 is not a pandemic. Lancet 2020;396:874.

Crouse QS Supriya K. Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: a challenge for global health security. Biosecur Bioterror 2014;12:263–73.

Bragstad K Hungnes O Hessevik Paulsen T , et al. Influensasesongen i Norge 2019–2020. Folkehelseinstituttet, 2020.

WHO. Prevention and control of influenza pandemics and annual epidemics, https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/1_WHA56_19_Prevention_and_control_of_influenza_pandemics.pdf (2003, last accessed 19 February 2021).

AGDH. Australian Health Management Plan for Pandemic Influenza. Australian Government Department of Health, 2014.

Grohskopf LA Sokolow LZ Broder M , et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices – United States, 2016–17 Influenza Season. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65:1–54.

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Discussion draft of the preliminary framework for equitable allocation of COVID-19 vaccine, https://www.nap.edu/catalog/25917/framework-for-equitable-allocation-of-covid-19-vaccine#resources (2020, last accessed 19 February 2021).

Mamelund S-E. A socially neutral disease? Individual social class, household wealth and mortality from Spanish influenza in two socially contrasting parishes in Kristiania 1918–19. Soc Sci Med 2006;62:923–40.

Mamelund S-E. Geography may explain adult mortality from the 1918-20 influenza pandemic. Epidemics 2011;3:46–60.

Grantz KH Cummings DAT Glass GE , et al. Disparities in influenza mortality and transmission related to sociodemographic factors within Chicago in the pandemic of 1918. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016;113:13839–44.

Bengtsson T Dribe M Eriksson B. Social class and excess mortality in Sweden during the 1918 influenza pandemic. Am J Epidemiol 2018;187:2568–76.

Folkehelseinstituttet. COVID-19-EPIDEMIEN: Kunnskap, situasjon, prognose, risiko og respons i Norge etter uke 23, https://www.fhi.no/contentassets/c9e459cd7cc24991810a0d28d7803bd0/vedlegg/notat-om-risiko-og-respons-2020-06-11.pdf (2020, last accessed 19 February 2021).

Folkehelseinstituttet. Risikovurdering av og respons på 2019-nCoV-infeksjon i Norge Utbruddsgruppa ved Folkehelseinstituttet, 28.1.2020, https://www.fhi.no/contentassets/c9e459cd7cc24991810a0d28d7803bd0/vedlegg/risikovurdering-av-og-respons-pa-2019-ncov-infeksjon-i-norge-28.01.2020.pdf (2020, last accessed 19 February 2021).