Abstract
While many of the current debates on flexible work contracts and new risks for individuals refer to findings from cross-sectional data, this paper is based on the hypothesis that only a longitudinal perspective can give us adequate information about the distribution and eventual cumulation of risks, e.g. among men and women, among different qualification levels or specific sub-groups of the workforce. In the first part of the paper this is elaborated by a discussion of empirical findings concerning the work biographies and the lifetime earnings of men and women in Germany and in selected other European countries. Although the differences between the two genders are diminishing, they are still considerable and country-specific features are obvious. The second half of the paper deals with the question of how social security systems should be adapted to better meet old and new life-course needs. The paper discusses policy measures to support continuity and upward mobility, measures that allow employees to adjust their work to changing lifecycle needs, policy measures that support transitions in working life, as well as questions concerning basic social security schemes and collectively financed financial support for discontinuities in life.
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