Klotho protein in Alzheimer's disease: Diet leading to immortality?

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, leading to progressive cognitive decline and premature death. Despite decades of research, the exact cause of AD remains unknown, and current treatments only slow disease progression without addressing its root cause. Recent studies suggest that endogenous factors such as the Klotho protein may have neuroprotective properties and influence AD progression. This review aims to explore the role of Klotho protein in AD, with a particular focus on its biological functions, expression, and potential therapeutic implications. Additionally, it examines the relationship between Klotho levels and dietary patterns. A literature review was conducted to analyze existing research on Klotho protein, its neuroprotective effects, and its correlation with different dietary factors in the context of AD. Evidence suggests that Klotho protein plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and neuroprotection. Higher levels of Klotho have been linked to better cognitive function and reduced neurodegeneration. Emerging research also indicates that certain dietary patterns, particularly the Mediterranean diet, may positively influence Klotho expression. Klotho protein represents a promising therapeutic target in AD, potentially slowing disease progression through its neuroprotective effects. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms regulating Klotho levels, particularly the impact of diet, and how they can be leveraged for AD prevention and treatment.