Recent research suggests that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients; however, research into their benefits for elderly Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients remains limited.
Objective:
To investigate the relationship between SSRIs therapy and the mortality risk after COVID-19 infection in elderly patients with and without AD.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study leveraged a large database containing over 100 million electronic health records in the US from the TriNetX platform to compare the hazard rates of mortality after COVID-19 infection in elderly AD patients prescribed SSRIs versus propensity-score matched individuals prescribed other antidepressants. This study was also conducted in separate cohorts of patients without AD to compare the findings.
Results:
When compared with non-SSRI antidepressants, SSRIs were associated with lower risk for mortality after COVID-19 infection in elderly patients without AD over early, middle, and later stages of the pandemic with HRs of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75–0.93), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.79–0.93), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.71–0.33), respectively. When comparing SSRIs with non-SSRI antidepressants for mortality risk following COVID-19 among patients with AD, HRs of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.71–1.27), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.61–1.06), and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.75–1.32), were found respectively.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that the use of SSRIs is significantly associated with reduced mortality risk following COVID-19 in elderly patients without AD compared to other antidepressants. While a lower mortality risk was also observed among AD patients, the association was not statistically significant.
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