Abstract
To investigate the seismic responses of a large, isolated aqueduct, a three-dimensional fluid–structure–soil interaction model was established using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method and the dynamic Winkler foundation model. Frictional pendulum bearings were modelled using a simplified model consisting of a simple pendulum and a non-linear spring. In addition, the uniform and non-uniform seismic excitation models without considering pile–soil dynamic interactions were established to analyse the effects of pile–soil dynamic interactions and the seismic input method on the seismic response analysis of the large-scale aqueduct. The feasibility of the numerical approaches used in this study was verified by examples. The isolation effect and deformation of the frictional pendulum bearings, the stress distribution of the piers, and water sloshing were then analysed. The simulation results showed that the frictional pendulum bearings provided a good seismic isolation effect and that it is necessary to consider the dynamic interactions of pile–soil–aqueduct structures in the seismic analysis of large-scale aqueducts.
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