This paper presents results of an experimental study on the compressive and splitting tensile strength of plain concretes and concretes incorporated with macro, micro and hybrid polypropylene (PP) fibers at elevated temperatures (20 °C, 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C). Nine series of concrete mixtures with different contents PP fibers were prepared and the optimum mixing proportion of different sizes of PP fibers was discussed. The results indicated that the multi-scale polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete (dropped with three different sizes of PP fibers into concrete) had the best positive hybrid effect on resisting to high temperature, when the total PP fiber content was 6 kg/m3 and the macro PP fiber substitution was 80%. Meanwhile, the addition of macro PP fibers significantly enhanced the toughness of concrete. Compared with the value of plain concrete, the compressive and splitting tensile strength of the optimal multi-scale polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete at 800 °C increased 14% and 36% respectively.
AbaeianRBehbahaniHPMoslemSJ (2018) Effects of high temperatures on mechanical behavior of high strength concrete reinforced with high performance synthetic macro polypropylene (HPP) fibres. Construction and Building Materials165: 631–638.
2.
AriozO (2007) Effects of elevated temperatures on properties of concrete. Fire Safety Journal42(8): 516–522.
3.
BangiMRHoriguchiT (2012) Effect of fibre type and geometry on maximum pore pressures in fibre-reinforced high strength concrete at elevated temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research42(2): 459–466.
4.
BehnoodAGhandehariM (2009) Comparison of compressive and splitting tensile strength of high-strength concrete with and without polypropylene fibers heated to high temperatures. Fire Safety Journal44(8): 1015–1022.
5.
BurattiNMazzottiCSavoiaM (2011) Post-cracking behaviour of steel and macro-synthetic fibre-reinforced concretes. Construction and Building Materials25(5): 2713–2722.
6.
CaetanoHFerreiraGRodriguesJPC, et al. (2019) Effect of the high temperatures on the microstructure and compressive strength of high strength fibre concretes. Construction and Building Materials199: 717–736.
7.
CECS 13:2009 (2009). Standard Test Methods for Fiber Reinforced Concrete. Chinese Association Standards of Engineering Construction Standardization, China. (in Chinese).
8.
ChenBLiuJ (2004) Residual strength of hybrid-fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete after exposure to high temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research34(6): 1065–1069.
9.
DingYAzevedoCAguiarJB, et al. (2011) Study on residual behaviour and flexural toughness of fibre cocktail reinforced self compacting high performance concrete after exposure to high temperature. Construction and Building Materials26: 21–31.
10.
DüğenciOHaktanirTAltunF (2015) Experimental research for the effect of high temperature on the mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials75: 82–88.
11.
EidanJRasoolanIRezaeianA, et al. (2019) Residual mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete after heating. Construction and Building Materials198: 195–206.
12.
FaresHNoumoweARemondS (2009) Self-consolidating concrete subjected to high temperature. Cement and Concrete Research39(12): 1230–1238.
13.
GB/T 50081-2019Standard for Test Methods of Concrete Physical and Mechanical Properties, National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (in Chinese).
14.
GB/T 50080-2016Standard for test method of performance on ordinary fresh concrete, National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (in Chinese).
15.
GB/T 9978.1-2008Fire-resistance tests—Elements of building construction—Part 1: General requirements, National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (in Chinese).
16.
GeorgaliBTsakiridisPE (2005) Microstructure of fire-damaged concrete. A case study. Cement and Concrete Composites27(2): 255–259.
17.
HenryMDarmaISSugiyamaT (2014) Analysis of the effect of heating and re-curing on the microstructure of high-strength concrete using X-ray CT. Construction and Building Materials67: 37–46.
18.
HusemM. (2006) The effects of high temperature on compressive and flexural strengths of ordinary and high-performance concrete. Fire Safty Journal. 41(2): 155–163.
19.
JGJ 52 -2006Standard for technical requirements and test method of sand and crushed stone (or gravel) for ordinary concrete, National Standard of the People’s Republic of China. (in Chinese).
20.
JinXYQianZZ (1994) Failure mechanism of concrete subjected to high temperature action. In: The third National Academic Conference on Structural Engineering, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China, June. (in Chinese)
21.
KalifaPChénéGGalléC (2001) High-temperature behaviour of HPC with polypropylene fibres - From spalling to microstructure. Cement and Concrete Research31(10): 1487–1499.
22.
KhouryGAWilloughbyB (2008) Polypropylene fibres in heated concrete. Part 1: Molecular structure and materials behaviour. Magazine of Concrete Research60(2): 125–136.
23.
KodurVKhaliqW (2011) Effect of Temperature on Thermal Properties of Different Types of High-Strength Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering23(6): 793–801.
24.
KomonenJPenttalaV (2003) Effects of high temperature on the pore structure and strength of plain and polypropylene fiber reinforced cement pastes. Fire Technology39(1): 23–34.
25.
LauAAnsonM (2006) Effect of high temperatures on high performance steel fibre reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Research36(9): 1698–1707.
26.
LiangNHDaiJLiuX (2016) Study on tensile damage constitutive model for multiscale polypropylene fiber concrete. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering2016: 1–6.
27.
LiangNHMiaoQXLiuXR, et al. (2019) Frost-resistance mechanism of multi-scale PFRC based on NMR. Magazine of Concrete Research71(13): 710–718.
28.
LiuXYeGDe SchutterG, et al. (2008) On the mechanism of polypropylene fibres in preventing fire spalling in self-compacting and high-performance cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research38(4): 487–499.
29.
LiuYZJinBHuoJS, et al. (2018) Effect of microstructure evolution on mechanical behaviour of concrete after high temperatures. Magazine of Concrete Research70(15): 770–784.
30.
MaQMGuoRXZhaoZM, et al. (2015) Mechanical properties of concrete at high temperature-A review. Construction and Building Materials93: 371–383.
31.
MobasherBDeyVBauchmoyerJ, et al. (2019) Reinforcing efficiency of micro and macro continuous polypropylene fibers in cementitious composites. Applied Sciences9(11).
32.
NajmHBalaguruP (2002) Effect of large-diameter polymeric fibers on shrinkage cracking of cement composites. ACI Materials Journal99(4): 345–351.
33.
NiuDHuangDFuQ (2019) Experimental investigation on compressive strength and chloride permeability of fiber-reinforced concrete with basalt-polypropylene fibers. Advances in Structural Engineering22(10): 2278–2288.
34.
NovákJ.KohoutkováA (2017) Fibre reinforced concrete exposed to elevated temperature. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 246(1).
35.
PhanLTCarinoNJ (1998) Review of mechanical properties of HSC at elevated temperature. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering10(1): 58–64.
36.
PoonC SAzharSAnsonM, et al. (2001) Comparison of the strength and durability performance of normal- and high-strength pozzolanic concretes at elevated temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research31(9): 1291–1300.
37.
PoonCSShuiZHLamL (2004) Compressive behavior of fiber reinforced high-performance concrete subjected to elevated temperatures. Cement and Concrete Research34(12): 2215–2222.
38.
QianCXStroevenP (2000) Development of hybrid polypropylene-steel fibre-reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Research30(1): 63–69.
39.
SadrmomtaziAGashtiSHTahmouresiB (2020) Residual strength and microstructure of fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete exposed to high temperatures. Construction and Building Materials230.
40.
SarvarantaLMikkolaE (1994) Fibre mortar composites under fire conditions: effects of ageing and moisture content of specimens. Materials and Structures27(9): 532–538.
41.
SerranoRCoboAPrietoMI, et al. (2016) Analysis of fire resistance of concrete with polypropylene or steel fibers. Construction and Building Materials122: 302–309.
42.
SuhaendiSLHoriguchiT (2006) Effect of short fibers on residual permeability and mechanical properties of hybrid fibre reinforced high strength concrete after heat exposition. Cement and Concrete Research36(9): 1672–1678.
43.
ThomasJRamaswamyA (2007) Mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering19(5): 385–392.
44.
XiaoJZFalknerH (2006) On residual strength of high-performance concrete with and without polypropylene fibres at elevated temperatures. Fire Safety Journal41(2): 115–121.
45.
YanLXingYLiJ (2013) High-temperature mechanical properties and microscopic analysis of hybrid-fibre-reinforced high-performance concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research65(3): 139–147.
46.
YüzerNAközFÖztürkLD (2004) Compressive strength–color change relation in mortars at high temperature. Cement and Concrete Research34(10): 1803–1807.
