Twenty years of system justification theory: Introduction to the special issue on “Ideology and system justification processes”

Ashburn-Nardo L. Knowles M. L. Monteith M. J. (2003). Black Americans’ implicit racial associations and their implications for intergroup judgment. Social Cognition, 21, 61–87. doi:10.1521/soco.21.1.61.21192

Bonnot V. Jost J. T. (2014). Divergent effects of system justification salience on the academic self-assessments of men and women. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 453–464.

Chernyak-Hai L. Halibi S. Nadler A. (2014). “Justified dependency”: Effects of perceived stability of social hierarchy and level of system justification on help-seeking behavior of low-status group members. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 420–435.

Cheung R. M. Noel S. Hardin C. D. (2011). Adopting the system-justifying attitudes of others: Effects of trivial interpersonal connections in the context of social inclusion and exclusion. Social Cognition, 29, 255–270. doi:10.1521/soco.2011.29.3.255

Connelly K. Heesacker M. (2012). Why is benevolent sexism appealing? Associations with system justification and life satisfaction. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36, 432–443. doi:10.1177/0361684312456369

Dover T. L. Major B. Kaiser C. (2014). Diversity initiatives, status and system-justifying beliefs: When and how diversity efforts de-legitimize discrimination claims. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 485–493.

Federico C. Ergun D. Hunt C. (2014). Opposition to equality and support for tradition as mediators of the relationship between epistemic motivation and system-justifying identifications. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 524–541.

Fiori G. (1970). Antonio Gramsci: Life of a revolutionary. London, UK: New Left Books.

Gaucher D. Jost J. T. (2011). Difficulties awakening the sense of injustice and overcoming oppression: On the soporific effects of system justification. In Coleman P. T. (Ed.), Conflict, interdependence, and justice (pp. 227–246). New York, NY: Springer.

Haines E. L. Jost J. T. (2000). Placating the powerless: Effects of legitimate and illegitimate explanation on affect, memory, and stereotyping. Social Justice Research, 13, 219–236. doi:10.1023/A:1026481205719

Hess Y. D. Ledgerwood A. (2014). Bolstering system-justifying beliefs in response to social exclusion. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 494–508.

Jost J. T. Banaji M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1–27. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1994.tb01008.x

Jost J. T. Banaji M. R. Nosek B. A. (2004). A decade of system justification theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25, 881–919. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2004.00402.x

Jost J. T. Burgess D. Mosso C. (2001). Conflicts of legitimation among self, group, and system: The integrative potential of system justification theory. In Jost J. T. Major B. (Eds.), The psychology of legitimacy: Emerging perspectives on ideology, justice, and intergroup relations (pp. 363–388). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Jost J. T. Glaser J. Kruglanski A. W. Sulloway F. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 339–375. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.339

Jost J. T. Hawkins C. B. Nosek B. A. Hennes E. P. Stern C. Gosling S. D. Graham J. (2014). Belief in a just god (and a just society): A system justification perspective on religious ideology. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, 34, 56–81. doi:10.1037/a0033220

Jost J. T. Hunyady O. (2002). The psychology of system justification and the palliative function of ideology. European Review of Social Psychology, 13, 111–153. doi:10.1080/10463280240000046

Jost J. T. Hunyady O. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of system-justifying ideologies. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 260–265. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00377.x

Jost J. T. Kay A. C. (2005). Exposure to benevolent sexism and complementary gender stereotypes: Consequences for specific and diffuse forms of system justification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 498–509. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.498

Jost J. T. Kay A. C. Thorisdottir H. (Eds.). (2009). Social and psychological bases of ideology and system justification. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Jost J. T. Kivetz Y. Rubini M. Guermandi G. Mosso C. (2005). System-justifying functions of complementary regional and ethnic stereotypes: Cross-national evidence. Social Justice Research, 18, 305–333. doi:10.1007/s11211-005-6827-z

Jost J. T. Ledgerwood A. Hardin C. D. (2008). Shared reality, system justification, and the relational basis of ideological beliefs. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 171–186. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00056.x

Jost J. T. Liviatan I. van der Toorn J. Ledgerwood A. Mandisodza A. Nosek B. A. (2010). System justification: How do we know it’s motivated? In Bobocel D. R. Kay A. C. Zanna M. P. Olson J. M. (Eds.), The psychology of justice and legitimacy: The Ontario Symposium (Vol. 11, pp.173–203). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Jost J. T. Napier J. L. Thorisdottir H. Gosling S. D. Palfai T. P. Ostafin B. (2007). Are needs to manage uncertainty and threat associated with political conservatism or ideological extremity? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 989–1007. doi:10.1177/0146167207301028

Jost J. T. Nosek B. A. Gosling S. D. (2008). Ideology: Its resurgence in social, personality, and political psychology. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 126–136. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2008.00070.x

Jost J. T. Pelham B. W. Carvallo M. (2002). Non-conscious forms of system justification: Cognitive, affective, and behavioral preferences for higher status groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 586–602. doi:10.1016/S0022-1031(02)00505-X

Jost J. T. van der Toorn J. (2012). System justification theory. In van Lange P. A. M. Kruglanski A. W. Higgins E. T. (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 313–343). London, UK: Sage.

Kay A. C. Friesen J. (2011). On social stability and social change: Understanding when system justification does and does not occur. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 360–364. doi:10.1177/0963721411422059

Kay A. C. Jost J. T. (2003). Complementary justice: Effects of “poor but happy” and “poor but honest” stereotype exemplars on system justification and implicit activation of the justice motive. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 823–837. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.823

Laurin K. Gaucher D. Kay A. C. (2013). Stability and the justification of social inequality. European Journal of Social Psychology, 43, 246–254. doi:10.1002/ejsp.1949

Laurin K. Kay A. C. Shepherd S. (2011). Self-stereotyping as a route to system justification. Social Cognition, 29, 360–375. doi:10.1521/soco.2011.29.3.360

Laurin K. Shepherd S. Kay A. C. (2010). System inescapability and defense of the status quo: System-justifying consequences of restricted exit opportunities. Psychological Science, 21, 1075–1082. doi:10.1177/0956797610375448

Nam H. H. Jost J. T. (2014). Which Americanway? System justification and ideological polarization concerning the “Ground Zero Mosque.” Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 552–559.

Napier J. L. Jost J. T. (2008). Why are conservatives happier than liberals? Psychological Science, 19, 565–572. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02124.x

Osborne D. Sibley C. (2014). Endorsement of system-justifying beliefs strengthens the relationship between church attendance and right-wing authoritarianism. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 542–551.

Reich R. (2014, January 27). Why aren’t we having a middle class revolt? AlterNet. Retrieved from http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/why-arent-we-having-middle-class-revolt?page=0%2C0

Rudman L. A. Feinberg J. M. Fairchild K. (2002). Minority members’ implicit attitudes: Ingroup bias as a function of group status. Social Cognition, 20, 294–320. doi:10.1521/soco.20.4.294.19908

Russo S. Rutto F. Mosso C. (2014). Benevolent sexism toward men: Its social legitimation and preference for male candidates. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 465–473.

Shepherd S. Kay A. C. (2012). On the perpetuation of ignorance: System dependence, system justification, and the motivated avoidance of socio-political information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 264–280. doi:10.1037/a0026272

Uhlmann E. L. Dasgupta N. Elgueta A. Greenwald A. G. Swanson J. (2002). Subgroup prejudice based on skin color among Hispanics in the United States and Latin America. Social Cognition, 20, 197–224. doi:10.1521/soco.20.3.198.21104

Vainio A. Mäkiniemi J.-P. Paloniemi R. (2014). System justification and the perception of food risks. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 509–523.

Van der Toorn J. Tyler T. R. Jost J. T. (2011). More than fair: Outcome dependence, system justification, and the perceived legitimacy of authority figures. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 127–138. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2010.09.003

Van der Toorn J. Feinberg M. Jost J. T. Kay A. C. Tyler T. R. Willer R. Wilmuth C. (in press). A sense of powerlessness fosters system justification: On the legitimation of authority, hierarchy, and government. Political Psychology.

Wakslak C. J. Jost J. T. Bauer P. (2011). Spreading rationalization: Increased support for large-scale and small-scale social systems following system threat. Social Cognition, 29, 288–302. doi:10.1521/soco.2011.29.3.288

Wakslak C. J. Jost J. T. Tyler T. R. Chen E. (2007). Moral outrage mediates the dampening effect of system justification on support for redistributive social policies. Psychological Science, 18, 267–274. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01887.x

Williams M. J. Chen S. (2014). When “mom’s the boss”: Control over domestic decision making reduces women’s interest in workplace power. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 436–452.

Yeung A. Kay A. C. Peach J. M. (2014). Anti-feminist backlash: The role of system justification in the rejection of feminism. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(4), 474–484.