Bachman, L.1990: Fundamental considerations in language testing.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
2.
Bachman, L.
and
Palmer, A.1996: Language testing in practice.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
.
3.
Clapham, C.1996: The development of IELTS: a study of the effect of background
knowledge on reading comprehension.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
.
4.
Hymes, D.1971: Competence and performance in linguistic theory.
In
Huxley, R.
and
Ingram, E.
, editors, Language acquisition: models and methods.
London: Academic Press
, 3-24.
5.
Hymes, D.1972: On communicative competence. In
Pride, J.
and
Holmes, J.
, editors, Sociolinguistics: selected readings.
Harmondsworth: Penguin
, 269-293.