We studied a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-sparing regimen for the treatment of children infected with NRTI-resistant HIV-1. The combination of lopinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz suppressed HIV-1 levels for a prolonged period and resulted in a significant increase in CD4+ T cell numbers despite an extensive prior treatment with NRTI (>4 years). Observed side effects were transient with the exception of dyslipidaemia.
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