Medium-Term Survival,Morbidity and Immunovirological Evolution in HIV-Infected Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy,Abidjan,Côte D'Ivoire

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate survival, morbidity, and CD4 and viral load (VL) evolution in HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods

Since 1996, 723 HIV-infected adults have been followed up in the ANRS 1203 cohort study in Abidjan. For those patients who received ART, we describe data between ART initiation and August 2002.

Results

One-hundred-and-one adults (61% women) were followed up under ART for a median of 17 months. At ART initiation, median age, CD4 count and VL were 36 years, 135/mm³ and 5.3 log₁₀ copies/ml, respectively. Initial ART regimens were two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus one protease inhibitor in 74 patients, two NRTIs plus one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor in 16, and two NRTIs in 11. No patient was lost to follow-up. The most frequent causes of severe morbidity were bacterial infections [11.6/100 person-years (PY), 95% CI: 7.2–18.7], drug-related events (6.5/100 PY, 3.5–12.0), tuberculosis (3.1/100 PY, 1.3–7.4) and malaria (3.1/100 PY, 1.3–7.4). The incidence of death was 3.0/100 PY (1.1–8.0) in patients with baseline CD4 ≥50/mm³ and 16.1/100 PY (7.2–35.9) in patients with CD4 <50/mm³. Fifty percent of causes of death were active infections pre-existing ART initiation, mainly atypical mycobacteriosis. After 1 year, 51% of patients had undetectable VL, 28% had detectable VL reduced by more than 0.5 log₁₀ copies/ml since ART initiation, and the median gain in CD4 was +115/mm³.

Conclusion

Medium-term survival under ART may be as good in Africa as in industrialized countries, provided that patients benefit from access to care for opportunistic infections, including bacterial diseases, tuberculosis and malaria.