Although previous research has demonstrated that the experience of cyberbullying victimization is associated with behavioral and psychological health problems, it is still unclear how cyberbullying victimization affects physical and mental health issues. Our aim was to test the longitudinal linkage between cyberbullying victimization and problematic Internet use (PIU) via the possible mediating roles of mindfulness and depression. This study employed a two-wave longitudinal design. 661 Chinese junior high school students were assessed using self-reported questionnaires about cyberbullying victimization, mindfulness, severity of depression, and PIU. The results revealed that the experience of cyberbullying victimization was positively related to PIU through the mediating variables of mindfulness and depression.
AnYFuGYuanG, et al. (2019) Dispositional mindfulness mediates the relations between neuroticism and posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in Chinese adolescents after a tornado. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry24(3): 482–493.
2.
AndersonCABushmanBJ (2002) Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology53: 27–51.
3.
ArslanG (2017) Psychological maltreatment, forgiveness, mindfulness, and internet addiction among young adults: A study of mediation effect. Computers in Human Behavior72: 57–66.
4.
BaiYFanF (2005) A study on the Internet dependence of college students: The revising and applying of a measurement. Psychological Development and Education21(4): 99–104.
5.
BalakrishnanV (2015) Cyberbullying among young adults in Malaysia: The roles of gender, age and Internet frequency. Computers in Human Behavior46: 149–157.
6.
BarlettCPGentileDAChewC (2016) Predicting cyberbullying from anonymity. Psychology of Popular Media Culture5(2): 171–180.
7.
BlaszczynskiAMcConaghyN (1989) Anxiety and/or depression in the pathogenesis of addictive gambling. International Journal of the Addictions24(4): 337–350.
8.
BrailovskaiaJTeismannTMargrafJ (2018) Cyberbullying, positive mental health and suicide ideation/behavior. Psychiatry Research267: 240–242.
9.
BrownKWRyanRM (2003) The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology84(4): 822–848.
10.
CalveteEGámez-GuadixMCortazarN (2017) Mindfulness facets and problematic Internet use: A six-month longitudinal study. Addictive Behaviors72: 57–63.
11.
CampbellMASleePTSpearsB, et al. (2013) Do cyberbullies suffer too? Cyberbullies’ perceptions of the harm they cause to others and to their own mental health. School Psychology International34(6): 613–629.
12.
CarmodyJBaerRA (2008) Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine31(1): 23–33.
13.
CeyhanAACeyhanE (2008) Loneliness, depression, and computer self-efficacy as predictors of problematic internet use. CyberPsychology & Behavior11(6): 699–701.
CheungRYNgMC (2019) Mindfulness and symptoms of depression and anxiety: The underlying roles of awareness, acceptance, impulse control, and emotion regulation. Mindfulness10(6): 1124–1135.
ChuXFanC (2017) Revision of the revised cyber bullying inventory among junior high school students. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology25(6): 1031–1034.
18.
ChuXWFanCYLiuQQ, et al. (2018) Cyberbullying victimization and symptoms of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents: Examining hopelessness as a mediator and self-compassion as a moderator. Computers in Human Behavior86: 377–386.
19.
DengYQLiSTangYY, et al. (2012) Psychometric properties of the Chinese translation of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Mindfulness3(1): 10–14.
20.
DoaneANBootheLGPearsonMR, et al. (2016) Risky electronic communication behaviors and cyberbullying victimization: An application of Protection Motivation Theory. Computers in Human Behavior60: 508–513.
21.
EndersCK (2010) Applied Missing Data Analysis. New York: Guildford Press.
22.
Erdur-BakerÖ (2010) Cyberbullying and its correlation to traditional bullying, gender and frequent and risky usage of internet-mediated communication tools. New Media & Society12(1): 109–125.
23.
FisherBWGardellaJHTeurbe-TolonAR (2016) Peer cybervictimization among adolescents and the associated internalizing and externalizing problems: A meta-analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence45(9): 1727–1743.
24.
Gámez-GuadixM (2014) Depressive symptoms and problematic Internet use among adolescents: Analysis of the longitudinal relationships from the cognitive–behavioral model. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking17(11): 714–719.
25.
Gámez-GuadixMCalveteE (2016) Assessing the relationship between mindful awareness and problematic Internet use among adolescents. Mindfulness7(6): 1281–1288.
26.
Gámez-GuadixMOrueISmithPK, et al. (2013) Longitudinal and reciprocal relations of cyberbullying with depression, substance use, and problematic internet use among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health53(4): 446–452.
27.
Gámez-GuadixMVilla-GeorgeFICalveteE (2012) Measurement and analysis of the cognitive-behavioral model of generalized problematic Internet use among Mexican adolescents. Journal of Adolescence35(6): 1581–1591.
28.
HillCLUpdegraffJA (2012) Mindfulness and its relationship to emotional regulation. Emotion12(1): 81–90.
29.
JiangXXHardyLLDingD, et al. (2014) Recreational screen-time among Chinese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Epidemiology24: 397–403.
30.
JoormannJGotlibIH (2010) Emotion regulation in depression: Relation to cognitive inhibition. Cognition and Emotion24(2): 281–298.
31.
JuryTKJosePE (2019) Does rumination function as a longitudinal mediator between mindfulness and depression?. Mindfulness10(6): 1091–1104.
32.
Kardefelt-WintherD (2014) A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior31: 351–354.
33.
KowalskiRMGiumettiGWSchroederAN, et al. (2014) Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin140(4): 1073–1137.
34.
KwanIDicksonKRichardsonM, et al. (2020) Cyberbullying and children and young people’s mental health: a systematic map of systematic reviews. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking23(2): 72–82.
35.
LeyroTMZvolenskyMJBernsteinA (2010) Distress tolerance and psychopathological symptoms and disorders: A review of the empirical literature among adults. Psychological Bulletin136(4): 576–600.
36.
LiQ (2006) Cyberbullying in schools: A research of gender differences. School Psychology International27(2): 157–170.
37.
LiQ (2019) The relationship among college students’ basic psychological needs, fear of missing out, problematic Internet use and emotion reactivity. Master dissertation, Harbin Normal University, China.
38.
LiuCLiuZYuanG (2020) The longitudinal influence of cyberbullying victimization on depression and PTSD: The mediation role of rumination. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. Epub ahead of print 5May2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.05.002.
39.
MarshHWWenZNagengastB, et al. (2012) Structural equation models of latent interaction. In: HoyleRH (ed.) Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: The Guilford Press, pp. 436–458.
40.
Martínez-MonteagudoMCDelgadoBDíaz-HerreroÁ, et al. (2020) Relationship between suicidal thinking, anxiety, depression and stress in university students who are victims of cyberbullying. Psychiatry Research286: 112856.
41.
MayerBPolakMGRemmerswaalD (2019) Mindfulness, interpretation bias, and levels of anxiety and depression: Two mediation studies. Mindfulness10(1): 55–65.
42.
MorenoMAJelenchickLCoxE, et al. (2011) Problematic internet use among US youth: A systematic review. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine165(9): 797–805.
43.
ParkSNaEYKimEM (2014) The relationship between online activities, netiquette and cyberbullying. Children and Youth Services Review42: 74–81.
44.
PodsakoffPMMacKenzieSBLeeJY, et al. (2003) Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology88(5): 879–903.
45.
RanneyMLPatenaJVNugentN, et al. (2016) PTSD, cyberbullying and peer violence: prevalence and correlates among adolescent emergency department patients. General Hospital Psychiatry39: 32–38.
46.
RichardsonHASimmeringMJSturmanMC (2009) A tale of three perspectives: Examining post hoc statistical techniques for detection and correction of common method variance. Organizational Research Methods12(4): 762–800.
47.
Royuela-ColomerECalveteEGámez-GuadixM, et al. (2018) The protective role of dispositional mindfulness against the perpetuation of cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking21(11): 703–710.
48.
SelaYZachMAmichay-HamburgerY, et al. (2020) Family environment and problematic internet use among adolescents: The mediating roles of depression and Fear of Missing Out. Computers in Human Behavior106: 106226.
49.
SmithPKMahdaviJCarvalhoM, et al. (2006) An Investigation into Cyberbullying, Its Forms, Awareness and Impact, and the Relationship Between Age and Gender in Cyberbullying. Research Brief No. RBX03-06. London: DfES.
50.
SteinbergLAlbertDCauffmanE, et al. (2008) Age differences in sensation seeking and impulsivity as indexed by behavior and self-report: Evidence for a dual systems model. Developmental Psychology44(6): 1764–1778.
51.
TeasdaleJDSegalZVWilliamsJMG, et al. (2000) Prevention of relapse/recurrence in major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology68(4): 615–623.
52.
VargheseMEPistoleMC (2017) College student cyberbullying: Self-esteem, depression, loneliness, and attachment. Journal of College Counseling20(1): 7–21.
53.
WangX (1993) Rating Scales for Mental Health (Chinese Journal of Mental Health Supplement). Beijing: Chinese Association of Mental Health.
54.
WestSGTaylorABWuW (2012) Model fit and model selection in structural equation modeling. In HoyleRH (ed.) Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford, pp. 209–231.
55.
YellowleesPMMarksS (2007) Problematic Internet use or Internet addiction?. Computers in Human Behavior23(3): 1447–1453.
56.
YuanGLiuZ (2019) Longitudinal cross-lagged analyses between cyberbullying perpetration, mindfulness and depression among Chinese high school students. Journal of Health Psychology. Epub ahead of print 2December2019. DOI: 10.1177/1359105319890395.
57.
YuanGLiuZAnY (2019) Machiavellianism, mindfulness and cyberbullying among Chinese junior high school students: The mediating role of empathy. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. Epub ahead of print 31Ocotber2019. DOI: 10.1080/10926771.2019.1667467.
58.
YuanGXuWLiuZ, et al. (2018) Dispositional mindfulness, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and academic burnout in Chinese adolescents following a tornado: The role of mediation through regulatory emotional self-efficacy. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma27(5): 487–504.
59.
ZhouXZhenRWuX (2018) Trajectories of problematic internet use among adolescents over time since Wenchuan earthquake. Computers in Human Behavior84: 86–92.
