The English and Spanish versions of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales have not been psychometrically evaluated for use with Hispanic Americans. Hispanic American adults (N = 436) completed the English (n = 210) or Spanish (n = 226) Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales. A multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis did not support equivalent four-factor structures for Spanish- and English-speaking Hispanic Americans. Follow-up exploratory factor analyses of the 24 items supported an 18-item, four-factor structure for English-speaking Hispanic Americans and a 22-item, three-factor structure for Spanish-speaking Hispanic Americans. These results suggest caution when using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales with Hispanic Americans.
AhmedaniBKPetersonELWellsKE, et al. (2013) Asthma medication adherence: The role of God and other health locus of control factors. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology110(2): 75–79.
2.
BentlerPM (1990) Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin107(2): 238–246.
3.
BundekNIMarksGRichardsonJL (1993) Role of health locus of control beliefs in cancer screening of elderly Hispanic women. Health Psychology12(3): 193–199.
4.
ChampagneBRFoxRSMillsSD, et al. (2016) Multidimensional profiles of health locus of control in Hispanic Americans. Journal of Health Psychology21(10): 2376–2385.
5.
ChaplinWFDavidsonKSparrowV, et al. (2001) A structural evaluation of the expanded Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale with a diverse sample of Caucasian/European, Native, and Black Canadian women. Journal of Health Psychology6(4): 447–455.
6.
DimitrovDM (2010) Testing for factorial invariance in the context of construct validation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development43(2): 121–149.
7.
DunnTJBaguleyTBrunsdenV (2014) From alpha to omega: A practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation. British Journal of Psychology105: 399–412.
8.
ErcikanKLyons-ThomasJ (2013) Adapting tests for use in other languages and cultures. In: GeisingerKFBrackenBACarlsonJF, et al. (eds) APA Handbook of Testing and Assessment in Psychology, Vol. 3. Testing and Assessment in School Psychology and Education. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, pp. 545–569.
9.
FoxRSMalcarneVLRoeschSC, et al. (2014) The Cultural Health Attributions Questionnaire (CHAQ): Reliability, validity, and refinement. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology20(2): 283–292.
10.
GeisingerKF (1994) Cross-cultural normative assessment: Translation and adaptation issues influencing the normative interpretation of assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment6(4): 304–312.
11.
HuLTBentlerPM (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling6: 1–55.
12.
LaNoueMHarveyAMautnerD, et al. (2015) Confirmatory factor analysis and invariance testing between Blacks and Whites of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale. Health Psychology Open2(2): 2055102915615045.
13.
LuszczynskaASchwarzerR (2005) Multidimensional health locus of control: Comments on the construct and its measurement. Journal of Health Psychology10(5): 633–642.
14.
MalcarneVLFernandezSFloresL (2005) Factorial validity of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales for three American Ethnic Groups. Journal of Health Psychology10(5): 657–667.
15.
MillsSDArredondoEMPerezLG, et al. (2018) Psychometric properties of the God Locus of Health Control scale in churchgoing Latinas. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences40(2): 227–239.
16.
MurguiaAZeaMCReisenCA, et al. (2000) The development of the Cultural Health Attributions Questionnaire (CHAQ). Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology6(3): 268–283.
OmejeONeboC (2011) The influence of locus control on adherence to treatment regimen among hypertensive patients. Patient Preference and Adherence5: 141–148.
19.
SadlerGRLeeHCLimRS, et al. (2010) Recruitment of hard-to-reach United States population sub-groups via adaptations of snowball sampling strategy. Nursing & Health Sciences12(3): 369–374.
20.
SatorraABentlerPM (2001) A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika66: 507–514.
21.
SteigerJH (1990) Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research25: 173–180.
WallstonKA (2005) The validity of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scales. Journal of Health Psychology10(4): 623–631.
24.
WallstonKAMalcarneVLFloresL, et al. (1999) Does God determine your Health? The God Locus of Health Control scale. Cognitive Therapy and Research23(2): 131–142.
25.
WallstonKAWallstonBSDeVellisR (1978) Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales. Health Education Monographs6(2): 160–170.
