The Effects of Experiencing Child Maltreatment and Sociodemographic Factors on Parental Conflict Tactics in Spain

Abstract

The intergenerational perpetuation of violence is one of the most concerning consequences of child maltreatment from both psychological and social perspectives. This study examined the presence of the cycle of violence within the Spanish context, understood as the transmission of aggressive parental conflict tactics to their children. The sample consisted of 700 mothers and fathers residing in Spain, all of whom had at least one child under the age of 18. Using standardized measures of childhood maltreatment and parental conflict tactics, the findings confirmed the persistence of the cycle of violence, particularly for individuals who had experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, or physical neglect in childhood. Significant associations were also observed between childhood maltreatment and certain sociodemographic characteristics, suggesting that both early adverse experiences and contextual factors contribute to the use of coercive or aggressive parental conflict tactics. A comprehensive understanding of these dynamics is essential for designing effective prevention strategies, informing clinical interventions, and developing public policies aimed at reducing child maltreatment and preventing its transmission across generations.

Plain Language Summary

Childhood Maltreatment, Social Factors, and Parental Conflict Tactics in Spain: The passing of violence from one generation to the next is one of the most worrying consequences of child maltreatment, both psychologically and socially. This study looked at whether this “cycle of violence” exists in Spain. The cycle was understood as the way aggressive ways of handling conflict between parents are learned in childhood and later repeated in adult life. The study included 700 mothers and fathers living in Spain, all of whom had at least one child under the age of 18. Using standardized questionnaires about childhood maltreatment and how parents manage conflicts, the results confirmed that the cycle of violence continues to exist. This was especially true for people who had experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, or physical neglect during childhood. The study also found important links between childhood maltreatment and certain sociodemographic factors. This suggests that both early negative experiences and social context influence the use of aggressive or controlling behaviors in parental conflicts. Understanding these processes is essential for developing effective prevention strategies, improving clinical interventions, and creating public policies that reduce child maltreatment and prevent violence from being passed on to future generations.