Response to the Proposal of a Template for Defining a Causal Relation between Acute Intrapartum Events and Cerebral Palsy

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Miller J Petrie J . Development of practice guidelines. Lancet 2000; 355: 82–83

An introduction to SIGN methodology for the development of evidence-based guidelines. Scottish Intercollegiate Network. Edinburgh 1999. (URL: www.sign.ac.uk)

Hughes EG . Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Semin Reprod Endocrinol 1996; 14: 161–169

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Helwig JT Parer JT Kilpatrick SJ Laros RK Jr . Umbilical cord blood acid-base state: what is normal? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 174: 1807–1812

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Johnson JWC Riley W . Cord blood gas studies: a survey. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1993; 36: 99–101

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Gordon A Johnson JWC . Value of umbilical blood acid-base studies in fetal assessment. J Reprod Med 1985; 30: 329–333

Egan JFX Vintzileos AM Campbell WA . Arteriovenous cord blood pH discordancy in a high-risk population and its significance. J Matern Fetal Med 1992; 1: 39–42

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Brar HS Wong MK Kirschbaum TH Paul RH . Umbilical cord acid base changes associated with perinatal cardiac failure. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158: 511–518

Westgate J Garibaldi JM Greene KR . Umbilical cord blood gas analysis at delivery: a time for quality data. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1994; 101: 1054–1063

Belai Y Goodwin TM Durand M . Umbilical arteriovenous pO₂ and pCO₂ differences and neonatal morbidity in term infants with severe acidosis. AmJ Obstet Gynecol 1998; 178: 13–19

Vandenbussche FP Griever GE Oepkes D Postuma MC Le Cessie S Keirse MJ . Reliability of individual umbilical artery pH measurements. J Perinat Med 1997; 25: 340–346

Sykes GS Molloy PM . Effect of delays in collection or analysis on the results of umbilical cord blood measurements. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1984; 91: 89–92

Strickland DM Gilstrap LC III Hauth JC Widmer K . Umbilical cord pH and pCO2: effect of interval from delivery to determination. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1984; 148: 191–194

Kirshon B Moishe KJ . Effect of heparin on umbilical arterial blood gases. J Reprod Med 1989; 34: 267–271

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Rutherford M Pennock J Schwieso JE Cowan F Dubowitz L . Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy: early and late magnetic resonance imaging findings in relation to outcome. Arch Dis Child 1996; 75: F145–F151

Uvebrant P . Hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Aetiology and outcome. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1988; 345: 1–100

Shankaran S Woldt E Koepke T Bedard MP Nandyal R . Acute neonatal morbidity and long-term central nervous system sequelae of perinatal asphyxia in term infants. Early Hum Dev 1991; 25: 135–148

Brown JK Minns RA . Disorders of the central nervous system. In: Campbell AGM McIntosh N , eds. Forfar and Ameil's Textbook of Paediatrics. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1998: 641–846

Wiklund LM Uvebrant P Flodmark O . Computed tomography as an adjunct in etiological analysis of hemiplegic cerebral palsy. II: Children born at term. Neuropediatrics 1991; 22: 121–128

Voorhics TM Ehrlich ME Frayer W Lee B Vannucci RC . Occlusive vascular disease in perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia. Am J Perinatol 1983; 1: 1–5

Ment LR Duncan CC Ehrenkranz RA . Perinatal cerebral infarction. Ann Neurol 1984; 16: 559–568

Robertson CM Finer NN Grace MG . School performance of survivors of neonatal encephalopathy associated with birth asphyxia at term. J Pediatr 1989; 114: 753–760

Robertson CM Finer NN . Long-term follow-up of term neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Clin Perinatol 1993; 20: 483–500

Robertson CM Grace MG . Validation of prediction of kindergarten-age school-readiness scores of nondisabled survivors of moderate neonatal encephalopathy in term infants. Can J Public Health 1992: 83 (Suppl 2): S51–S57

Cans C Wilhelm L Baille MF . Aetiological findings and associated factors in children with severe mental retardation. Dev Med Child Neurol 1999; 41: 233–239