Exploring Trajectories of Youth Suicide and Prevention Strategies Within Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India

Abstract

Suicide is a major public health challenge globally, and although universal public health frameworks exist, suicide prevention efforts need to be tailored for specific cultural communities. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, one of the union territories of India with particularly high rates of suicide-related deaths, provide a unique socio-historic, economic, political, and healthcare context to understand suicidality. In this qualitative study, we explored factors that trigger suicide and potential solutions for suicide prevention that may be feasible and relevant for migrant youth within the resource-limited healthcare infrastructure of the islands. We completed individual semi-structured interviews with 10 key informants (7 men, 3 women), who included youth who attempted suicide, peers, and professionals. Overall, youth suicide on the islands needs to be situated within historic trauma rooted in British colonial rule and continued sociopolitical and economic marginalization. Youth experience academic pressures, interpersonal challenges, substance use, and challenges unique to island life, which along with the public perception trivializing youth distress and access to means, elevate risk for suicidal behavior. Sustained investment in infrastructure development, along with innovative approaches that move beyond traditional suicide prevention frameworks to help foster compassionate communities and empower youth with entrepreneurial and life skills would be beneficial.