In this study, CaSO4 whisker was applied to the paper-based composite friction material as the friction layer (secondary layer) by the paper-making process. The tribological and thermal properties were analyzed. Three-dimensional surface profiles were observed to discuss the wear mechanism. The results showed that the samples with higher CaSO4 whisker contents owned better thermal resistance. The sample with 4% CaSO4 whisker content had the highest dynamic friction coefficient. As the CaSO4 whisker content increased from 0% to 16%, the wear rate decreased first and then increased, and the sample with 8% CaSO4 whisker content had the highest wear resistance.
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