Precise evaluation of the iris vascular pattern in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) may be difficult with iris fluorescein angiography (IFA) because of the frequent presence of a heavily pigmented iris and conspicuous late leakage. However, iris indocyanine green videoangiography (IICGV) can precisely visualize details of the iris vascular pattern. This study analyzed the utility of IICGV in detecting microvascular changes in PXS and compared these findings with those of IFA.
Methods
Twenty-eight patients with PXS in both eyes underwent an ophthalmic examination including IFA and IICGV. IICGV was done with the IMAGEnet system H1024.
Results
IICGV gave better visualization of iris hypoperfusion and anastomotic vessels whereas iris microneovascularisation was far more clearly visible on IFA. IICGV also detected iris pigment epithelium defects.
Conclusions
IICGV can be considered a useful tool for evaluation of the iris vascular pattern in PXS. Iris hypoperfusion did not appear to contribute to the development of iris microvascular changes.
VannasA.. Fluorescein angiography of the vessels of the iris in pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule, capsular glaucoma and some other forms of glaucoma.Acta Ophthalmol1969; 105(suppl): S9–75.
2.
VannasA.. Vascular changes in pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule and capsular glaucoma: a fluorescein angiographic and electron microscopic study.Graefe's Arch Clin Ophthalmol1972; 184: 248–53.
BrooksA.M.V., GilliesW.E.. Fluorescein angiography and fluorophotometry of the iris in pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule.Br J Ophthalmol1983; 67: 249–54.
5.
BrooksA.M.V., GilliesW.E.. The development of micro-neovascular changes in the iris in pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule.Ophthalmology1987; 94: 1090–7.
6.
BrooksA.M.V., GilliesW.E.. Fluorescein angiography of the iris and specular microscopy of the corneal endothelium in some cases of glaucoma secondary to chronic cyclitis.Ophthalmology1988; 95: 1624–30.
Battaglia ParodiM., Della RupeP., VisintinF., RussoD., RavalicoG.. Iridografia con verde indocianina.Boll Ocul1995; 3(suppl): S101–5.
9.
Battaglia ParodiM., BondelE., RussoD., RavalicoG.. Iris indocyanine green videoangiography in diabetic iridopathy.Br J Ophthalmol1996; 80: 416–9.
10.
Battaglia ParodiM., BondelE., SavianoS., Da PozzoS., BergaminiL., RavalicoG.. Iris arteriovenous communication: clinical and angiographic features.Int Ophthalmol1998; 22: 1–5.
11.
RingvoldA.. Light and electron microscopy of the wall of iris vessels with and without exfoliation syndrome (Pseudoexfoliation of lens capsule).Virchows Arch1970; 349: 1–9.
12.
RingvoldA.. The distribution of the exfoliation material in the iris from eyes with exfoliation syndrome (Pseudoexfoliation of lens capsule).Virchows Arch1970; 351: 168–78.
13.
RingvoldA., DavangerM.. Iris neovascularisation. Electron microscopy of the wall of the iris vessels in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Br J Ophthalmol1981; 65: 138–41.
14.
SpinelliD., De FeliceG.P., VigasioF., GoggiG.. The iris vessels in the exfoliation syndrome: ultrastrucural changes.Exp Eye Res1985; 41: 449–55.
15.
ShimizuT.. Changes of iris vessels in capsular glaucoma: three dimensional and electron microscopic studies.Jpn J Ophthalmol1985; 29: 434–52.
16.
KonstasA.G.P., JayJ.L., MarshallG.E., LeeW.R.. Prevalence, diagnostic features, and response to trabeculectomy in exfoliation glaucoma.Ophthalmology1993; 100: 619–27.
17.
KonstasA.G.P., MarshallG.E., CameronS.A., LeeW.R.. Morphology of iris vasculopaty in exfoliation glaucoma.Acta Ophthalmol1993; 71: 751–9.
18.
KüchleM., NguyenN.X., HornF., NaumannG.O.H.. Quantitative assessment of acqueous flare and acqueous “cells” in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Acta Ophthalmol1992; 70: 201–8.
19.
KüchleM., NguyenNX, HannappelE., NaumannG.O.H.. The blood-acqueous barrier in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Ophthalmic Res1995; 27: 136–42.
20.
RepoL.P., TerasvirtaM.E., TuovinenE.J.. Generalized peripheral iris transluminace in the pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Ophthalmology1990; 97: 1027–9.
21.
RepoL.P., TerasvirtaM.E., KoivistoK.J.. Generalized transluminace of the iris and the frequency of the pseudoexfoliation syndrome in the eyes of transient ischemic attack patients.Ophthalmology1993; 100: 352–5.
22.
RepoL.P., SuhonenM.T., TerasvirtaM.E., KoivistoK.J.. Color doppler imaging of the ophthalmic artery blood flow spectra of patients who have had a transient ischemic attack.Ophthalmology1995; 102: 1199–205.
23.
AsanoN., Schlotzer-SchrehardtU., NaumannG.O.H.. A histopathologic study of iris changes in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Ophthalmology1995; 102: 1279–90.
24.
KhalilA., KubotaT., TawaraA., InomataH.. Ultrastructural age-related changes on the posterior iris surface. A possible relationship to the pathogenesis of exfoliation.Arch Ophthalmol1996; 114: 721–5.
