Understanding the Difference and Relationship Between Functional Behavioral Assessments and Manifestation Determinations

Abstract

Two of the new requirements in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 are to conduct functional behavioral assessments (FBAs) and manifestation determinations under certain circumstances. It is important to understand the difference and relationship between these two distinct team-based assessment processes because they both occur in response to a student's problem behavior. Guidance and literature continue to emerge about FBAs, but little has been published to date concerning manifestation determinations. In light of the clear need in the field for guidance on both types of assessment, this article begins to articulate the difference and relationship between FBAs and manifestation determinations. In addressing this need, the team-based process Manifestation Determination Checklist: A Tool for IEP Teams is highlighted. Sample questions from this instrument are presented, with insights and guidance provided for school-based practitioners.

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