This review critically examines the literature on warm-up in relation to various physical-fitness components in dance. Due to the scarcity of published scientific work specifically focussed on dance, relevant reports from other physical activities have also been included. Prior to the main components of dance class or performance, dancers normally engage in a preliminary activity known as warm-up, which is aimed at enhancing performance and preventing injury. The general consensus is that warm-up is associated with positive effects on aerobic and anaerobic fitness parameters as well as on flexibility, muscular strength, and power. Individuals suffering from exercise-induced asthma may also benefit from warm-up. The main gain arising from warm-up seems to be related to temperature increases. However, there seems to be no agreement among scientists on the proper intensity, type, or duration of warm-up. Further research, performed with elite performers, may provide more insights on the dose-response relationship.
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