This review focuses on the literature published from January 2019 to February 2020 that is of interest to anesthesiologists taking care of children and adults with congenital heart disease. Five themes are addressed during this time period, and 59 peer-reviewed articles are discussed.
IngRJTwiteM. The year in review: anesthesia for congenital heart disease 2018. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019;23:205–211.
2.
Bobillo-PerezSSanchez-de-ToledoJSeguraS, et al.Risk stratification models for congenital heart surgery in children: comparative single-center study. Congenit Heart Dis. 2019;14:1066–1077.
3.
GaiesMGJeffriesHENieblerRA, et al.Vasoactive-inotropic score is associated with outcome after infant cardiac surgery: an analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium and Virtual PICU System Registries. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2014;15:529–537.
4.
CashenKCostelloJMGrimaldiLM, et al.Multicenter validation of the vasoactive-ventilation-renal score as a predictor of prolonged mechanical ventilation after neonatal cardiac surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018;19:1015–1023.
5.
StoicaSCDorobantuDMVardeuA, et al.MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers in congenital heart surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.2020;159:1532–1540.e7.
6.
Kim-CampbellNGretchenCRitovVB, et al.Bioactive oxylipins in infants and children with congenital heart disease undergoing pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2020;21:33–41.
7.
Bobillo-PerezSJordanICornieroP, et al.Prognostic value of biomarkers after cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatrics: the prospective PANCAP study. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0215690.
8.
FlorioPAbellaRMarinoniE, et al.Adrenomedullin blood concentrations in infants subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass: correlation with monitoring parameters and prediction of poor neurological outcome. Clin Chem. 2008;54:202–206.
9.
MeisnerMRauschmayerCSchmidtJ, et al.Early increase of procalcitonin after cardiovascular surgery in patients with postoperative complications. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28:1094–1102.
10.
QuJLiangHZhouN, et al.Perioperative NT-proBNP level: potential prognostic markers in children undergoing congenital heart disease surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;154:631–640.
11.
XuHSunYZhangS. The relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and clinical outcome in pediatric patients after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery: a retrospective study. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:308.
12.
AbqariSKappanayilMSudhakarABalachandranRNairSGKumarRK. Common inflammatory markers after cardiac surgery in infants and their relation to blood stream sepsis. Heliyon. 2019;5:e02841.
13.
AryafarADi MarzioAGuillardOPontaillerMViccaSBojanM. Procalcitonin concentration measured within the first days of cardiac surgery is predictive of postoperative infections in neonates: a case-control study. Pediatr Cardiol. 2019;40:1289–1295.
14.
YoneyamaFOkamuraTTakigikuKYasukouchiS. Novel urinary biomarkers for acute kidney injury and prediction of clinical outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery [published online December 23, 2019]. Pediatr Cardiol. doi:10.1007/s00246-019-02280-3
15.
GorjipourFTotonchiZDehakiMG, et al.Serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α, renal function biochemical parameters and clinical outcomes in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Perfusion. 2019;34:651–659.
16.
SchroederLWBuckleyJRStroudRE, et al.Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is associated with acute kidney injury and clinical outcomes in neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019;20:957–962.
17.
AdamsPSVargasDBaustT, et al.Associations of perioperative renal oximetry via near-infrared spectroscopy, urinary biomarkers, and postoperative acute kidney injury in infants after congenital heart surgery: should creatinine continue to be the gold standard?Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019;20:27–37.
18.
MeerschMSchmidtCVan AkenH, et al.Validation of cell-cycle arrest biomarkers for acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. PLoS One. 2014;9:e110865.
19.
GrazianiMPMoserMBozzolaCM, et al.Acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery: risk factors and outcomes. A retrospective, cohort study. Arch Argent Pediatr.2019;117:e557–e567.
20.
LiSKrawczeskiCDZappitelliM, et al.Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery: a prospective multicenter study. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:1493–1499.
21.
LeeEHBaekSHChinJH, et al.Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is a major risk factor for acute kidney injury following off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Intensive Care Med. 2012;38:1478–1486.
22.
LeeJHJungJYParkSW, et al.Risk factors of acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2018;62:1374–1382.
23.
HassonDCBrintonJTCowherdESorannoDEGistKM. Risk factors for recurrent acute kidney injury in children who undergo multiple cardiac surgeries: a retrospective analysis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019;20:614–620.
24.
NathKACroattAJHaggardJJGrandeJP. Renal response to repetitive exposure to heme proteins: chronic injury induced by an acute insult. Kidney Int. 2000;57:2423–2433.
25.
KimuraSIwasakiTShimizuK, et al.Hyperchloremia is not an independent risk factor for postoperative acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019;33:1939–1945.
26.
UenoKShiokawaNTakahashiY, et al.Kidney disease: improving global outcomes in neonates with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2020;24:167–173.
27.
UenoKSekiSShiokawaN, et al.Validation of acute kidney injury according to the modified KDIGO criteria in infants after cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease. Nephrology (Carlton). 2019;24:294–300.
28.
ReagorJAClinganSGaoZ, et al.Higher flow on cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatrics is associated with a lower incidence of acute kidney injury [published online August 16, 2019]. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2019.08.007
29.
ParkSKHurMKimE, et al.Risk factors for acute kidney injury after congenital cardiac surgery in infants and children: a retrospective observational study. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0166328.
30.
RanucciMRomittiFIsgròG, et al.Oxygen delivery during cardiopulmonary bypass and acute renal failure after coronary operations. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;80:2213–2220.
31.
PengDMKoehlDACantorRS, et al.Outcomes of children with congenital heart disease implanted with ventricular assist devices: an analysis of the Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Pedimacs). J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019;38:420–430.
32.
BlumeEDRosenthalDNRossanoJW, et al; PediMACS Investigators. Outcomes of children implanted with ventricular assist devices in the United States: first analysis of the Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (PediMACS). J Heart Lung Transplant. 2016;35:578–584.
33.
PuriKAndersMMTumeSC, et al.Characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients supported with ventricular assist device—a multi-institutional analysis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019;20:744–752.
34.
VanderPluymCJAdachiINieblerR, et al.Outcomes of children supported with an intracorporeal continuous-flow left ventricular assist system. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019;38:385–393.
35.
JeewaAImamuraMCanterC, et al.Long-term outcomes after transplantation after support with a pulsatile pediatric ventricular assist device. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019;38:449–455.
36.
AdachiIZea-VeraRTunuguntlaH, et al.Centrifugal-flow ventricular assist device support in children: a single-center experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.2019;157:1609–1617.e2.
37.
PotapovEVAntonidesCCrespo-LeiroMG, et al.2019 EACTS Expert Consensus on long-term mechanical circulatory support. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2019;56:230–270.
38.
FontanFBaudetE. Surgical repair of tricuspid atresia. Thorax. 1971;26:240–248.
39.
SchillingCDalzielKNunnR, et al.The Fontan epidemic: population projections from the Australia and New Zealand Fontan Registry. Int J Cardiol. 2016;219:14–19.
40.
RychikJAtzAMCelermajerDS, et al.Evaluation and management of the child and adult with Fontan circulation: a scientific statement for the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2019;140:e234–e284.
41.
AkintoyeEMirandaWRVeldtmanGRConnollyHMEgbeAC. National trends in Fontan operation and in-hospital outcomes in the USA. Heart. 2019;105:708–714.
42.
MartinBJMcBrienAMarchakBEAtallahJAl AklabiM. Predicting post-Fontan length of stay: the limits of measured variables. Pediatr Cardiol. 2019;40:1208–1216.
43.
KintrupSMalecEKiskiD, et al.Extubation in the operating room after Fontan procedure: does it make a difference. Pediatr Cardiol. 2019;40:468–476.
44.
RedingtonANPennyDShinebourneEA. Pulmonary blood flow after total cavopulmonary shunt. Br Heart J. 1991;65:213–217.
45.
KoskiTKSuominenPKRaissadatiAKnihtilaHMOjalaTHSalminenJT. The effect of sildenafil on pleural and peritoneal effusions after the TCPC operation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2019;63:1384–1389.
46.
BigelowAMGhanayemNSThompsonNE, et al.Safety and efficacy of vasopressin after Fontan completion: a randomized pilot study. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:1865–1874.
47.
AkintoyeEVeldtmanGRMirandaWRConnollyHMEgbeAC. Optimum age for performing Fontan operation in patients with univentricular heart. Congenit Heart Dis. 2019;14:138–139.
RaissadatiANieminenHJokinenESairanenH. Progress in late results among pediatric cardiac surgery patients: a population-based 6-decade study with 98% follow-up. Circulation. 2015;131:347–353.
50.
GilboaSMDevineOJKucikJE, et al.Congenital heart defects in the United States: estimating the magnitude of the affected population in 2010. Circulation. 2016;134:101–109.
51.
CrosslandDSVan De RuaeneASilversidesCKHickeyEJRocheSL. Heart failure in adult congenital heart disease: from advanced therapies to end-of-life care. Can J Cardiol. 2019;35:1723–1739.
52.
RodriguezFHBookWM. Management of the adult Fontan patient. Heart. 2020;106:105–110.
53.
StoutKKDanielsCJAboulhosnJA, et al.2018AHA/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:1494–1563.
54.
GerardinJRaskind-HoodCRodriguezFH3rd, et al.Lost in the system? Transfer to adult congenital heart disease care—challenges and solutions. Congenit Heart Dis.2019;14:541–548.
55.
PoteruchaJTVallabhajosyulaSEgbeAC, et al.Vasopressor magnitude predicts poor outcome in adults with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery. Congenit Heart Dis. 2019;14:193–200.
56.
BaggenVJMVenemaEŽivnáR, et al.Development and validation of a risk prediction model in patients with adult congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol. 2019;276:87–92.
57.
RiggsKWZafarFRadziYYuPJBryantR3rdMoralesDLS. Adult congenital heart disease: current early expectations after cardiac transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2020;109:480–486.
58.
DillerGPKempnyABabu-NarayanSV, et al.Machine learning algorithms estimating prognosis and guiding therapy in adult congenital heart disease: data from a single tertiary centre including 10 019 patients. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:1069–1077.
59.
KauwDKooleMACWinterMM, et al.Advantages of mobile health in the management of adult patients with congenital heart disease. Int J Med Inform. 2019;132:104011.
