This annual article summarizes key findings from notable studies published in 2019 relevant to the practice of cardiothoracic critical care medicine. This year’s article encompasses updates to the literature on enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation, delirium, and primary graft dysfunction after heart transplant.
LjungqvistOScottMFearonKC.Enhanced recovery after surgery: a review. JAMA Surg. 2017;152:292-298. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2016.4952
2.
LjungqvistOJonathanE. Rhoads lecture 2011: insulin resistance and enhanced recovery after surgery. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012;36:389-398. doi:10.1177/0148607112445580
3.
FlemingIOGarrattCGuhaR, et al. Aggregation of marginal gains in cardiac surgery: feasibility of a perioperative care bundle for enhanced recovery in cardiac surgical patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016;30:665-670. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2016.01.017
4.
EngelmanDTAliWBWilliamsJB, et al. Guidelines for perioperative care in cardiac surgery: enhanced recovery after surgery society recommendations. JAMA Surg. 2019;154:755-766. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.1153
5.
GregoryAJGrantMCManningMW, et al. Enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery (ERAS Cardiac) recommendations: an important first step-but there is much work to be done. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2020;34:39-47. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2019.09.002
6.
WilliamsJBMcConnellGAllenderJE, et al. One-year results from the first US-based enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery (ERAS Cardiac) program. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2019;157:1881-1888. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.10.164
7.
LiMZhangJGanTJ, et al. Enhanced recovery after surgery pathway for patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2018;54:491-497. doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezy100
8.
ZaouterCOsesPAssatourianSLabrousseLRémyAOuattaraA. Reduced length of hospital stay for cardiac surgery-implementing an optimized perioperative pathway: prospective evaluation of an enhanced recovery after surgery program designed for mini-invasive aortic valve replacement. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019;33:3010-3019. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2019.05.006
9.
GrantMCIsadaTRuzankinP, et al; Johns Hopkins Enhanced Recovery Program for the Cardiac Surgery Working Group. Results from an enhanced recovery program for cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;159:1393-1402.e7. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.05.035
10.
DjaianiGSilvertonNFedorkoL, et al. Dexmedetomidine versus propofol sedation reduces delirium after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology. 2016;124:362-368. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000951
11.
InouyeSKWestendorpRGJSaczynskiJS. Delirium in elderly people. Lancet. 2014;383:911-922. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60688-1
12.
PergolizziJBögerRHBuddK, et al. Opioids and the management of chronic severe pain in the elderly: consensus statement of an International Expert Panel with focus on the six clinically most often used World Health Organization Step III opioids (buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone). Pain Pract. 2008;8:287-313. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2008.00204.x
13.
OhESFongTGHshiehTTInouyeSK. Delirium in older persons: advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA. 2017;318:1161-1174. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12067
14.
ConnollyKPKleinmanRSStevensonKLNeumanMDMehtaSN. Delirium reduced with intravenous acetaminophen in geriatric hip fracture patients [published online August 5, 2019]. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-17-00925
15.
WeinsteinSMPoultsidesLBaakliniLR, et al. Postoperative delirium in total knee and hip arthroplasty patients: a study of perioperative modifiable risk factors. Br J Anaesth. 2018;120:999-1008. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2017.12.046
16.
HerrDLSum-PingSTJEnglandM. ICU sedation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: dexmedetomidine-based versus propofol-based sedation regimens. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2003;17:576-584. doi:10.1016/s1053-0770(03)00200-3
17.
PieriMDe SimoneARoseS, et al. Trials focusing on prevention and treatment of delirium after cardiac surgery: a systematic review of randomized evidence [published online September 24, 2019]. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2019.09.028
18.
SubramaniamBShankarPShaefiS, et al. Effect of intravenous acetaminophen vs placebo combined with propofol or dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium among older patients following cardiac surgery: the DEXACET randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2019;321:686-696. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.0234
19.
WeiLAFearingMASternbergEJInouyeSK. The Confusion Assessment Method: a systematic review of current usage. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56:823-830. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01674.x
20.
StrikeEArklinaBStradinsP, et al. Postoperative pain management strategies and delirium after transapical aortic valve replacement: a randomized controlled trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019;33:1668-1672. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2018.11.010
21.
KobashigawaJZuckermannAMacdonaldP, et al. Report from a consensus conference on primary graft dysfunction after cardiac transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2014;33:327-340. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2014.02.027
22.
TrubyLKDeRooSSpellmanJ, et al. Management of primary graft failure after heart transplantation: preoperative risks, perioperative events, and postoperative decisions. Clin Transplant. 2019;33:e13557. doi:10.1111/ctr.13557
23.
ForoutanFAlbaACSteinM, et al. Validation of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation primary graft dysfunction instrument in heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2019;38:260-266. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2018.12.007
24.
NicoaraARuffinDCooterM, et al. Primary graft dysfunction after heart transplantation: incidence, trends, and associated risk factors. Am J Transplant. 2018;18:1461-1470. doi:10.1111/ajt.14588
25.
SinghSSADas DeSRushtonSBerryCAl-AttarN. PREDICTA: a model to predict primary graft dysfunction after adult heart transplantation in the United Kingdom. J Card Fail. 2019;25:971-977. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.009
26.
RiviniusRHelmschrottMRuhparwarA, et al. Long-term use of amiodarone before heart transplantation significantly reduces early post-transplant atrial fibrillation and is not associated with increased mortality after heart transplantation. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:677-686. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S96126
27.
CooperLBMentzRJEdwardsLB, et al. Amiodarone use in patients listed for heart transplant is associated with increased 1-year post-transplant mortality. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2017;36:202-210. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.07.009
28.
MorrisAAKransdorfEPColemanBLColvinM. Racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes after heart transplantation: a systematic review of contributing factors and future directions to close the outcomes gap. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2016;35:953-961. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1231
29.
SinghSSABannerNRRushtonSSimonARBerryCAl-AttarN. ISHLT primary graft dysfunction incidence, risk factors, and outcome: a UK national study. Transplantation. 2019;103:336-343. doi:10.1097/TP.0000000000002220
30.
TrubyLKTakedaKTopkaraVK, et al. Risk of severe primary graft dysfunction in patients bridged to heart transplantation with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2018;37:1433-1442. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2018.07.013
31.
SegoviaJCosíoMDGBarcelóJM, et al. RADIAL: a novel primary graft failure risk score in heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2011;30:644-651. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.721
32.
SubramaniSAldrichADwarakanathSSugawaraAHanadaS. Early graft dysfunction following heart transplant: prevention and management. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2020;24:24-33. doi:10.1177/1089253219867694
33.
TakedaKLiBGaranAR, et al. Improved outcomes from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation versus ventricular assist device temporary support of primary graft dysfunction in heart transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2017;36:650-656. doi:10.1016/j.healun.2016.12.006
34.
DeRooSCTakayamaHNemethS, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for primary graft dysfunction after heart transplant. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2019;158:1576-1584.e3. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.02.065
35.
PhamTCombesARozéH, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for pandemic influenza A(H1N1)-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: a cohort study and propensity-matched analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;187:276-285. doi:10.1164/rccm.201205-0815OC
36.
SauerCMYuhDDBondeP. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use has increased by 433% in adults in the United States from 2006 to 2011. ASAIO J. 2015;61:31-36. doi:10.1097/MAT.0000000000000160
37.
FanEDel SorboLGoligherEC, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice guideline: mechanical ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195:1253-1263. doi:10.1164/rccm.201703-0548ST
38.
BarbaroRPOdetolaFOKidwellKM, et al. Association of hospital-level volume of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cases and mortality. Analysis of the extracorporeal life support organization registry. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191:894-901. doi:10.1164/rccm.201409-1634OC
39.
KellerSP. Management of peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock. Crit Care Med. 2019;47:1235-1242. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000003879
40.
PeekGJMugfordMTiruvoipatiR, et al. Efficacy and economic assessment of conventional ventilatory support versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory failure (CESAR): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;374:1351-1363. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61069-2
41.
CombesAHajageDCapellierG, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1965-1975. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1800385
42.
MunshiLWalkeyAGoligherEPhamTUlerykEMFanE. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2019;7:163-172. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30452-1
43.
MunshiLTelesnickiTWalkeyAFanE. Extracorporeal life support for acute respiratory failure. A systematic review and metaanalysis. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11:802-810. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201401-012OC
44.
ZampieriFGMendesPVRanzaniOT, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe respiratory failure in adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence. J Crit Care. 2013;28:998-1005. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2013.07.047
45.
GuglinMZuckerMJBazanVM, et al. Venoarterial ECMO for adults: JACC Scientific Expert Panel. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:698-716. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.038
46.
McCarthyFHMcDermottKMKiniV, et al. Trends in US extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use and outcomes: 2002-2012. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015;27:81-88. doi:10.1053/j.semtcvs.2015.07.005
47.
ChungMZhaoYStromJBShenCYehRW. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use in cardiogenic shock: impact of age on in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and costs. Crit Care Med. 2019;47:e214-e221. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000003631
48.
ElsharkawyHALiLEsaWASSesslerDIBashourCA. Outcome in patients who require venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010;24:946-951. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2010.03.020
49.
XieAPhanKTsaiYCYanTDForrestP. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest: a meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015;29:637-645. doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2014.09.005
50.
ChengRHachamovitchRKittlesonM, et al. Complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for treatment of cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest: a meta-analysis of 1,866 adult patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014;97:610-616. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.09.008
