Perspectives on Long-Acting Injectable Treatment and Related Provider Communication Among Men with HIV in Australia and the US Who Have Sex with Men

Abstract

New HIV treatment modalities, including long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART), increase the range of options available to people with HIV (PWH). As new treatments become available, it is important to understand how PWH perceive these new options and the role of providers in informing patients about them. We explored the perspectives of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men with HIV (MWH) on new HIV treatment modalities and provider communication about these modalities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 18 MWH from the US (n = 9) and Australia (n = 9), who were recruited in partnership with two community organizations. Participants identified as gay, cisgender men aged 29–66 years (Median = 54). All reported taking oral ART and having an undetectable viral load. Two main themes were identified: (1) Long-acting injectables are not as simple as daily pills, and (2) Providers should inform patients about new HIV treatments. Most MWH perceived LAI-ART to be more complex compared with their current oral treatment regimen because of frequent clinic visits to receive injections, discomfort with needles, and concerns about missed doses and side effects. MWH believed providers should inform all patients about new treatments and were less likely to do so if they did not have a relationship with their patients, were not satisfied with patients’ current treatment, or were limited on time. Standardizing patient education about new treatments and broadening information channels may enhance informed decision-making among PWH, including those most likely to benefit from new modalities.