In this contribution, we report on first results from transducer-based approaches in drug screening. Microelectrodes were used for a competitive binding assay with a redox-labeled reference compound. Changes in the electrode current arise from the different mobility of bound and free reference compound. An electrode comb can be used to test a microtiter plate row by row. Detectable concentrations are below 1 μM. Quartz microbalances, surface plasmon resonance, and reflectometric interference spectroscopy were used in heterogeneous phase binding inhibition assays. The binding of target molecules to an immobilized reference structure is detected without use of a label. Specific binding and binding inhibition by a test substance can be detected at concentrations of 100 nM and below. The interaction of thrombin with a thrombin inhibitor was used as a model system. Parallel detection can be achieved by arraying individual electro-chemical and microbalance devices or by a spectroscopic imaging approach for the optical transducers. Sample throughput up to 106 samples per year is possible. The potential for further improvement of performances is discussed.
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