Limited studies discuss the updated definition and essential components of oncology stewardship. In this paper, we aim to present a revised definition of oncology stewardship emphasizing its broader application across multiple cancer therapies, including systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted treatments and newer therapies associated with cancer care. We outline essential elements required for its implementation, which may vary between high-income and low-middle-income countries depending on available resources. Regardless of the setting, key components include adherence to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, continuous quality improvement, cost-effectiveness strategies, a multidisciplinary team approach, and prioritization of patient-centered care.
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