Using the concepts of rape-free and rape-prone societies, I suggest that the next step for rape research is to investigate rape-free campus environments. Based on the articles in this volume and ethnographic research, I summarize what is known about rape-prone campus cultures and compare this information with rape-free fraternity cultures. The question of variation is also examined by comparing the rape incidence and prevalence rates averaged by campus using the data of Koss's national study of 32 campuses. The question of the criteria by which campuses might be labeled rape-free or rape-prone is raised.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Boeringer, S. B. (1996). Influences of fraternity membership, athletics, and male living arrangements on sexual aggression. Violence Against Women, 2, 134-147.
2.
Brownmiller, S. (1975). Against our will: Men, women and rape. New York: Simon and Schuster.
3.
Crosset, T. W. , Ptacek, J., Mcdonald, M. A., & Benedict, J. R. (1996). Male student-athletes and violence against women: A survey of campus judicial affairs offices. Violence Against Women, 2, 163-179.
4.
Koss, M. P. (1988). Hidden rape: Sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of students in higher education. In A. W. Burgess (Ed.), Rape and sexual assault II (pp. 3-25). New York: Garland.
5.
Koss, M. P. (1993). Rape: Scope, impact, interventions, and public policy responses. American Psychologist, 48, 1062-1069.
6.
Koss, M. P. , & Cook, S. L. (1993). Facing the facts: Date and acquaintance rape are significant problems for women. In R. J. Gelles & D. R. Loseke (Eds.), Current controversies on family violence (pp. 104-119). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
7.
Koss, M. P. , & Gaines, J. A. (1993). The prediction of sexual aggression by alcohol use, athletic participation, and fraternity affiliation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 94-108.
Porten, Jeff. (1995, December 4). [Letter to the editor]. The Washington Post, p. A18.
10.
Sanday, P. R. (1981). The socio-cultural context of rape: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Social Issues, 37, 5-27.
11.
Sanday, P. R. (1990). Fraternity gang rape: Sex, brotherhood and privilege on campus. New York University Press.
12.
Sanday, P. R. (1996). A woman scorned: Acquaintance rape on trial. New York: Doubleday.
13.
Schwartz, M. D. , & Nogrady, C. A. (1996). Fraternity membership, rape myths, and sexual aggression on a college campus. Violence Against Women, 2, 148-162.
