From Compliance to Transformation: Notes on the MSU Strategic Plan to Address RVSM

Abstract

This response to Campbell et al. makes three points. First, the commitment to “know more” must examine the full ecology of relationship violence and sexual misconduct (RVSM); that knowledge is essential for creating multilevel prevention strategies. Second, a full realization of an intersectional perspective requires attention to a broader range of power-based harms, forging institutional links between RVSM prevention and work on diversity, equity, and inclusion. Third, while support for survivors is certainly vital, most people who experience harm do not report it, and so an ambitious approach to prevention is vital to building communities in which everyone can thrive.

Keywords

public health prevention sexual assault ecological model intersectionality

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Armstrong

E. A.

Gleckman-Krut

Johnson

. (2018). Silence, power, and inequality: An intersectional approach to sexual violence. Annual Review of Sociology, 44(1), 99–122. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041410

Association of American Universities. (2015). AAU climate survey on sexual assault and sexual misconduct (2015). https://www.aau.edu/key-issues/aau-climate-survey-sexual-assault-and-sexual-misconduct-2015

Baker

D. J.

Britton

(2021). Hate crimes and black college student enrollment (CEPA Working Paper No. 21-01). Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED613159

Banyard

V. L

. (2013). Go big or go home: Reaching for a more integrated view of violence prevention. Psychology of Violence, 3(2), 115–120. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032289

Baucher

Altavena

(2021, November 2). Michigan House GOP takes aim at critical race theory with new bill. Detroit Free Press. https://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/2021/11/02/critical-race-theory-michigan-house-bill-schools/6254808001/

Cantor

Fisher

Chibnall

Townsend

Lee

Bruce

Thomas

(2015). Report on the AAU campus climate survey on sexual assault and sexual misconduct: Columbia university. The American Association of Universities. Casellas Connors

McCoy

(2022). Performing anti-racism: Universities respond to anti-Black violence. Race and Justice, 12(3), 588–613. https://doi.org/10.1177/21533687221101787

Chang

Milkman

K.L.

Zarrow

L.J.

Brabaw

Gromet

D.M.

Rebele

Massey

Duckworth

A.L.

, & Grant

(2019, July 9). Does diversity training work the way it’s supposed to? Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2019/07/does-diversity-training-work-the-way-its-supposed-to

Cortell

A. P.

Peterson

. (1999). Altered states: Explaining domestic institutional change. British Journal of Political Science, 29(1), 177–203. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123499000083

Crenshaw

. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1989(1), 139–167.

10.

Crenshaw

K. W

. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241–1299. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039

11.

DeGue

Valle

L.A.

Holt

M.K.

Massetti

G.M.

Matjasko

J.L.

Tharp

A.T.

(2014). A systematic review of primary prevention strategies for sexual violence perpetration. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(4), 346–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2014.05.004

12.

Dwyer

(2022, September 1). 4 liability trends driving the higher education coverage crisis. Risk and Insurance. https://riskandinsurance.com/4-liability-trends-driving-the-higher-education-coverage-crisis/

13.

Harned, Melanie S. (2005). Understanding women’s labeling of unwanted sexual experiences with dating partners a qualitative analysis. Violence Against Women 11(3), 374–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801204272240

14.

Heise

L. L

. (1998). Violence against women: An integrated, ecological framework. Violence Against Women, 4(3), 262–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801298004003002

15.

Hirsch

Khan

. (2020). Sexual citizens: A landmark study of sex, power, and assault on campus. W.W. Norton & Company.

16.

Hirsch, Jennifer S., Shamus Khan, Kathy Leichter and Alexandra Zeitz-Moskin. (N.d.). Sexual Assault Prevention and Community Equity (SPACE) Toolkit: A roadmap for institutional transformation grounded in insights. Sexual Citizens: Sex, Power and Assault on Campus (WW Norton) by Jennifer S. Hirsch and Shamus Khan. https://www.sexualcitizens.com/space-toolkit

17.

Keehan

. (n.d.). Student sexual assault: weathering and the perfect storm. United Educators. Retrieved May 31, 2022, from https://www.ue.org/risk-management/sexual-assault-and-misconduct/student-sexual-assault-weathering-the-perfect-storm/

18.

Khan

Wamboldt

Ford

Mellins

C. A.

& Hirsch

J. S.

(2022). Why do LGBTQIA students experience higher rates of sexual assault? Minority stress, structural stigma, and the price of queer solidarity.

19.

Khan

S. R.

Hirsch

J. S.

Wamboldt

Mellins

C. A

. (2018). ‘I didn’t want to be “that girl”’: The social risks of labeling, telling, and reporting sexual assault. Sociological Science, 5(19), 432–460. https://doi.org/10.15195/v5.a19

20.

Kuo

Wechsler

Greenberg

Lee

. (2003). The marketing of alcohol to college students: The role of low prices and special promotions. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 25(3), 204–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00200-9

21.

Large Loss Report. (2022). United Educators. Retrieved May 31, 2022, from https://www.ue.org/globalassets/global/large-loss-report-2022.pdf

22.

LeMaire, Kelly L., Oswald, D. L., & Russell, B. L. (2016). Labeling sexual victimization experiences: The role of sexism, rape myth acceptance, and tolerance for sexual harassment. Violence and Victims, 31(2), 332–346. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-13-00148

23.

Manning-Ouellette

Shikongo-Asino

. (2022). College-level sex education courses: A systematic literature review. American Journal of Sexuality Education, 17(2), 176–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/15546128.2022.2026850

24.

Maroulis

Deguerrera

(2017). Twenty years after its creation, LGBTQ lounge moves to Schapiro. https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2017/09/28/twenty-years-after-its-creation-lgbtq-lounge-moves-to-schapiro/

25.

Mellins

C. A.

Walsh

Sarvet

A. L.

Wall

Gilbert

Santelli

J. S.

Thompson

Wilson

P. A.

Khan

Benson

Bah

Kaufman

K. A.

Reardon

Hirsch

J. S.

(2017). Sexual assault incidents among college undergraduates: Prevalence and factors associated with risk. PLoS One, 12(11), Article e0186471. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186471

26.

Michigan Senate Republicans. (2021). Senate committee approves bill keeping critical race theory out of Michigan classrooms. Michigan Senate Republicans. https://www.misenategop.com/senate-committee-approves-bill-keeping-critical-race-theory-out-of-michigan-classrooms/

27.

Moylan

C. A.

Javorka

. (2020). Widening the lens: An ecological review of campus sexual assault. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(1), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018756121

28.

Moylan

C. A.

Javorka

Bybee

Stotzer

R. L.

, & Carlson

(2019). Campus-level variation in the prevalence of student experiences of sexual assault and intimate partner violence. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 10(3), 397–421. https://doi.org/10.1086/704543

29.

Moylan

C. A.

Javorka

Maas

M. K.

Meier

McCauley

H. L.

(2021). Campus sexual assault climate: Toward an expanded definition and improved assessment. Psychology of Violence, 11(3), 296–306. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000382

30.

Nelson

T. F.

Naimi

T. S.

Brewer

R. D.

Wechsler

. (2005). The state sets the rate: The relationship among state-specific college binge drinking, state binge drinking rates, and selected state alcohol control policies. American Journal of Public Health, 95(3), 441–446. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2004.043810

31.

NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project. (2017). Student homophile league at Earl Hall, Columbia University. http://www.nyclgbtsites.org/site/columbia-university/

32.

Orchowski, Lindsay M., Untied, A. S., & Gidycz, C. A. (2013). Factors associated with college women’s labeling of sexual victimization. Violence and Victims 28(6), 940–958. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-12-00049

33.

Santelli

J. S.

Grilo

S. A.

Choo

T.-H.

Diaz

Walsh

Wall

Hirsch

J. S.

Wilson

P. A.

Gilbert

Khan

Mellins

C. A.

(2018). Does sex education before college protect students from sexual assault in college? PLoS ONE, 13(11), Article e0205951. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205951

34.

Schneider

Hirsch

J. S.

(2018). Comprehensive sexuality education as a primary prevention strategy for sexual violence perpetration. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 21(3), 439–455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838018772855

35.

Tashkandi

Hirsch

J. S.

Kraus

Schwartz

Walsh

(2022). A systematic review of campus characteristics associated with sexual violence and other forms of victimization. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380221078893.

36.

Walsh

Sarvet

A. L.

Khan

Choo

T.-H.

Wall

Santelli

Wilson

Gilbert

Reardon

Hirsch

J. S.

Mellins

C. A.

(2021). Socio-ecologically constituted types of sexual assault. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 45(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684320964452

37.

Woodruff

(2021). Michigan State University enrollment report for the board of trustees. https://opb.msu.edu/functions/institution/documents/FallEnrollment.pdf