In an evaluation of the television series “Driving Mum and Dad Mad,” 723 families participated and were randomly assigned to either a standard or technology enhanced viewing condition (included additional Web-support). Parents in both conditions reported significant improvements from pre- to postintervention in their child's behavior, dysfunctional parenting, parental anger, depression, and self-efficacy. Short-term improvements were maintained at 6-months follow-up. Regressions identified predictors of program outcomes and level of involvement. Parents who watched the entire series had more severe problems at preintervention and high sociodemographic risk than parents who did not watch the entire series. Few sociodemographic, child, or parent variables assessed at preintervention predicted program outcomes or program engagement, suggesting that a wide range of parents from diverse socioeconomic status benefited from the program. Media interventions depicting evidence-based parenting programs may be a useful means of reaching hard to engage families in population-level child maltreatment prevention programs.
Acton, R.G., & During, S.M. (1992). Preliminary results of aggression management training for aggressive parents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 7, 410-417.
2.
Arnold, D.S., O'Leary, S.G., Wolff, L., & Acker, M.M. (1993). The Parenting Scale: A measure of dysfunctional parenting in discipline situations. Psychological Assessment , 5, 137-144.
3.
Bidgood, B.A., & van de Sande, A. (1990). Home-based programming for a child welfare clientele. In M. Rothery & G. Cameron (Eds.), Child maltreatment: Expanding our concept of helping (pp. 107-125). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
4.
Centre for Community Child Health. (2004). Parenting information project. Department of Family and Community Services, Australian Government. Retrieved May 18, 2005, from http://www.facs.gov.au/family/early_childhood_pip/volume2/sec3.htm
5.
Dadds, M.R., & Powell, M.B. (1991). The relationship of inter-parental conflict and global marital adjustment to aggression, anxiety, and immaturity in aggressive and nonclinic children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 19, 553-567.
6.
Eyberg, S.M., & Robinson, E.A. (1983). Conduct problem behavior: Standardization of a behavior rating scale with adolescents. Journal of Child Clinical Psychology, 12, 347-354.
7.
Guterman, N.B. (1997). Early prevention of physical child abuse and neglect: Existing evidence and future directions. Child Maltreatment , 2(1), 12-34.
8.
Haggerty, K.P., MacKenzie, E.P., Skinner, M.L., Harachi, T.W., & Catalano, R.F. (2006). Participation in "parents who care": Predicting program initiation and exposure in two different program formats. Journal Primary Prevention, 27(1), 47-65.
9.
Heyman, R.E., Sayers, S.L., & Bellack, A.S. (1994). Global marital satisfaction versus marital adjustment: An empirical comparison of three measures. Journal of Family Psychology, 8, 432-446.
10.
Kadushin, A., & Martin, J.A. (1981). Child abuse: An interactional event. New York: Columbia University Press.
11.
Klevens, J., & Whitaker, D.J. (2007). Primary prevention of child physical abuse and neglect: Gaps and promising directions. Child Maltreatment, 12, 364-377.
12.
Leventhal, J.M. (2005). Getting prevention right: Maintaining the status quo is not an option. Child Abuse Neglect, 29, 209-213.
13.
Lovibond, P.F., & Lovibond, S.H. (1995a). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behavior Research Therapy, 33, 335-343.
14.
Lovibond, S.H., & Lovibond, P.F. (1995b). Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney, Australia: Psychology Foundation.
15.
Lundahl, B.W., Nimer, J., & Parsons, B. (2006). Preventing child abuse: A meta-analysis of parent training programs. Research on Social Work Practice, 16, 251-262.
16.
Lundquist, L.M., & Hansen, D.J. (1998). Enhancing treatment adherence, social validity, and generalization of parent-training interventions with physically abusive and neglectful families. In J. R. Lutzker (Ed.), Handbook of child abuse research and treatment (pp. 449-471). New York: Plenum Press.
17.
Lutzker, J.R., Bigelow, K.M., Doctor, R.M., & Kessler, M.L. (1998). Safety, health care and bonding within an ecobehavioral approach to treating and preventing child abuse and neglect. Journal of Family Violence, 13, 163-185.
18.
Markie-Dadds, C., & Sanders, M.R. (2006). Self-directed Triple P (Positive Parenting Program) for mothers with children at-risk of developing conduct problems. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 34, 259-275.
19.
Media Life. (2005, March 22). Fox's suddenly very hot "Nanny 911."Media Life Magazine. Retrieved on April 28, 2005, from http://www.medialifemagazine.com/news2005/mar05/mar21/2_tues/news1tuesday.html
20.
Morawska, A., & Sanders, M.R. (2006a). Self-administered behavioral family intervention for parents of toddlers: PartI. Efficacy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(1), 10-19.
21.
Morawska, A., & Sanders, M.R. (2006b). Self-administered behavioural family intervention for parents of toddlers: Effectiveness and dissemination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1839-1848.
22.
National Center for Injury Control and Prevention. (2004). Using evidence-based parenting programs to advance CDC efforts in child maltreatment prevention: Research activities. Atlanta, GA: Center for Disease Control and Prevention .
23.
Norton, R. (1983). Measuring marital quality: A critical look at the dependent variable. Journal of Marriage and the Family , 45, 141-151.
24.
Nowak, C., & Heinrichs, N. (2008). A comprehensive meta-analysis of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program using hierarchical linear modeling: Effectiveness and moderating variables. Manuscript submitted for publication.
25.
Prinz, R.J., & Sanders, M.R. (2007). Adopting a population-level approach to parenting and family support interventions. Clinical Psychology Review , 27, 739-749.
26.
Prinz, R.J., Sanders, M.R., Shapiro, C.J., Whitaker, D.J., & Lutsker, J.R. (in press). Population-based prevention of child maltreatment: The US Triple P system population trial. Prevention Science.
27.
Robinson, E.A., Eyberg, S.M., & Ross, A.W. (1980). The standardization of an inventory of child conduct problem behaviors. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 9, 22-29.
28.
Sanders, M.R. (1999). Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: towards an empirically validated multilevel parenting and family support strategy for the prevention of behavior and emotional problems in children. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2(2), 71-90.
29.
Sanders, M.R. (2008). Triple P-Positive Parenting Program as a public health approach to strengthening parenting. Manuscript submitted for publication.
30.
Sanders, M.R., & Bor, W. (2008). Working with families in poverty: Towards a multilevel population-based approach. In R. Crane & T. B. Heaton (Eds.), Handbook of family research (pp. 442-456). New York: Sage.
31.
Sanders, M.R., Bor, W., & Morawska, A. (2007). Maintenance of treatment gains: A comparison of enhanced, standard, and self-directed Triple P-Positive Parenting Program . Journal of Abnormal and Child Psychology, 35, 983-998.
32.
Sanders, M.R., Calam, R.M., Durand, M., Liversidge, T., & Carmont, S.A. (2008). Does self-directed and web-based support for parents enhance the effects of viewing a reality television series based on the Triple P-Positive Parenting Programme? Manuscript submitted for publication.
33.
Sanders, M.R., & Cann, W.C. (2002). Promoting positive parenting as an abuse prevention strategy. In K. Browne, H. Hanks, P. Stratton , & C. Hamilton (Eds.), Early prediction and prevention of child abuse: A handbook (pp. 145-163). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.
34.
Sanders, M.R., Markie-Dadds, C., Rinaldis, M., Firman, D., & Baig, N. (2007). Using household survey data to inform policy decisions regarding the delivery of evidence-based parenting interventions. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33, 768-783.
Sanders, M.R., Pidgeon, A., Gravestock, F., Connors, M.D., Brown, S., & Young, R. (2004). Does parental attributional retraining and anger management enhance the effects of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program with parents at-risk of child maltreatment? Behavior Therapy , 35, 513-535.
37.
Sanders, M.R., Ralph, A., Sofronoff, K., Gardiner, P., Thompson, R., Dwyer, S., & Bidwell, K. (2008). Every family: A population approach to reducing behavioral and emotional problems in children making the transition to school . Journal of Primary Prevention, 29(3), 197-222.
38.
Sanders, M.R., & Woolley, M.L. (2005).The relationship between global, domain and task-specific self-efficacy and parenting practices: Implications for parent training. Child: Care, Health and Development, 31(1), 65-73.
39.
Sedlar, G., & Hansen, D.J. (2001). Anger, Child Behavior, and Family Distress: Further evaluation of the Parental Anger Inventory. Journal of Family Violence, 16, 361-373.
40.
Spoth, R., Goldberg, C., & Redmond, C. (1999). Engaging families in longitudinal preventive intervention research: Discrete-time survival analysis of socioeconomic and social-emotional risk factors. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 67(1), 157-163.
41.
Spoth, R.L., Kavanagh, K.A., & Dishion, T.J. (2002). Family-centered preventive intervention science: Toward benefits to larger populations of children, youth, and families. Prevention Science, 3, 145-152.
42.
Stallman, H.M., & Ralph, A. (2007). Reducing risk factors for adolescent behavioural and emotional problems: A pilot randomised controlled trial of a self-administered parenting intervention. Australian e-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 6(2), 1-13.
43.
Taylor, T.K., & Biglan, A. (1998). Behavioral family interventions for improving child-rearing: A review of the literature for clinicians and policy makers . Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 1(1), 41-60.
44.
Turner, K.M.T., Markie-Dadds, C., & Sanders, M.R. (1998). Facilitator's manual for Group Triple P. Brisbane, Australia: Families International .
45.
Turner, K.M.T., & Sanders, M.R. (2006). Dissemination of evidence-based parenting and family support strategies: Learnings from the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program system approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 176-193.
46.
Zubrick, S.R., Ward, K.A., Silburn, S.R., Lawrence, D., Williams, A.A., Blair, E., et al. (2005). Prevention of child behavior problems through universal implementation of a group behavioral family intervention. Prevention Science, 6, 287-304.
