To ensure the safety of high-speed trains operating on bridges in complex environments, this study investigates the dynamic response of trains on long-span suspension bridges under vortex-induced vibrations (VIV). By simplifying the bridge’s VIV into an equivalent force and combining it with wind and train loads, an advanced train-track-bridge (TTB) coupled dynamic system considering VIV is established. This method overcomes the limitations of traditional VIV simplification simulation methods, which only compute train responses while neglecting the bridge’s dynamic behavior and the coupled effects. The results demonstrate that VIV induces significant periodic vibrations in the bridge, leading to increased displacements and accelerations. These effects further influence the train’s dynamic response, with higher-order VIV modes having a more pronounced impact. Specifically, vertical car body accelerations reach 0.35 m/s2, 0.49 m/s2, and 0.72 m/s2 under mode 2, mode 4, and mode 10 vibrations, respectively. In addition, the proposed vortex-induced train-track-bridge coupled (VIV-TTB) method is innovatively compared with the calculation method that treats vortex-induced vibration as equivalent track irregularities. The results show a high degree of consistency, with an R2 value of 0.9266, fully validating the accuracy and reliability of the method proposed in this study.
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