Although use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widespread, the underlying reasons patients choose CAM are not clearly understood. Several explanatory models have been suggested, including desire for personal control, compatibility with holistic beliefs, and dissatisfaction with conventional care. Methods: The relationship between CAM use and health functional status, desire for personal control over health, holistic beliefs, spirituality, and patient satisfaction were assessed in a mailed survey of 230 family practice outpatients using validated, multi-item measures. Patients with osteoarthritis, depression, or both were compared to healthy patients. Results: Holistic health beliefs, higher spirituality scores, and lower health functional status were predictive of more CAM use. Personal control over health and satisfaction with physicians were not. Conclusion: Patients use CAM when it is consistent with their worldview and conventional care is not relieving their symptoms.
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