In data-based sociological practice, the traditional role of enlightenment is gradually
being incorporated into the more comprehensive model of advisement. Increasing accep
tance of this model is facilitated by legal innovation as well as higher utilization. The
advisement model of data-based sociological practice consists of four stages: diagnosis,
dissemination, design, and development. Recent trends in each stage indicate that within
the epistemological parameters of social science, a methodology is developing of social
policy research and utilization. Together, these developments suggest the emergence of a
professional paradigm of sociological practice.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Allen, T.H. (1978) New Methods in Social Science. New York: Praeger.
2.
Argyris, C. (1972) The Applicability of Organizational Sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
3.
---and R.A. Schon (1976) Theory in Practice: Increasing Professional Effectiveness . San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
4.
Bailey, J. (1980) Ideas and Intervention: Social Theory and Practice . London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
5.
Barton, A.H. and P.F. Lazarsfeld (1955) "Some functions of qualitative analysis in social research," pp. 321-361 in T. W. Adorno and W. Dirks (eds.) Sociologica, Band 1. Frankfurt: Europaische Verlangsanstalt.
6.
Bellenger, D.N. (1979) "The marketing manager's view of marketing research ." Business Horizons (June).
7.
Ben-David, J. (1973) "How to organize research in the social sciences ." Daedalus (Spring): 39-51.
8.
Berk, R.A. (1977) "Discretionary methodological decisions in applied research." Soc. Methods and Research5, 3: 317-334.
9.
---and P.H. Rossi (1976) "Doing good or worse: evaluation research politically examined." Social Problems23, 3: 337-349.
10.
Bressers, H. (1983) "The role of effluent charges in Dutch water quality policy," pp. 143-168 in P. B. Downing and K. Hanf (eds.) International Comparisons in Implementing Pollution Laws. Boston: Reidel.
11.
Caplan, N. (1980) "The use of social science knowledge in policy decisions at the national level," pp. 161-209 in The Utilization of the Social Sciences in Policy Making in the United States. Paris: OECD.
12.
Cherns, A. (1969) "Social research and its diffusion." Human Relations22, 3: 209-223.
13.
Coleman, J. (1972) Policy Research in the Social Sciences. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press .
14.
Deshpande, R. (1981) "Action and enlightenment functions of research: comparing private and public-sector perspectives." Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization2, 3: 317-330.
15.
Doerbecker, C. (1979) "Het iteratieve zoekproces en het cognitieve kader van de respondent." Tijdschrift voor Agologie: 335-342.
16.
Duncan, O.D. (1970) Toward Social Reporting: Next Steps. New York: Russell Sage.
17.
Dunn, W.N. (1980) "The two-communities metaphor and models of knowledge use." Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization1, 4: 515-536.
18.
———and F.W. Swierzeck (1971) "Planned organizational change: toward grounded theory." J. of Applied Behavioral Sci.13: 135-157.
19.
Elkin, R. and D.J. Vorwaller (1975) "Evaluating the effectiveness of social services," in L. Seidler and L. Seidler (eds.) Social Accounting: Theory, Issues and Cases.Los Angeles: Academic Press.
20.
Etzioni, A. (1971) "Policy research." Amer. Sociologist (June): 8-12.
21.
Fischer, F. (1980) Politics, Values and Public Policy: The Problem of Methodology. Boulder, CO: Westview .
22.
Frank, J.E. and R.A. Smith (1976) "Social scientists in the policy process." J. of Applied Behavioral Sci. (February): 104-117.
23.
Gawson, W. (1972) "The management of discontent," pp. 448-478 in J. M. Thomas and W. G. Bennis (eds.) Management of Change and Conflict. London : Penguin.
24.
Glaser, B.G. and A.L. Strauss (1976) The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Chicago: Aldine.
25.
Gouldner, A.W. (1965) "Explorations in applied social science," in A. W. Gouldner and S. M. Miller (eds.) Applied Sociology: Opportunities and Problems. New York: Free Press.
26.
Greene, J. and C. McClintock (1985) "Triangulation in evaluation, design and analysis issues." Evaluation Rev.9, 5: 523-545.
27.
Hage, J. (1972) Techniques and Problems of Theory Construction in Sociology. New York: John Wiley .
28.
Heller, F.A. (1970) "Group feedback analysis as a change agent." Human Relations23, 4: 319-333.
29.
Hoffman, L. (1983) "On approaching a fiftieth birthday." SPSSI Newsletter163: 1-7.
30.
Janowitz, M. (1971) Sociological Models and Social Policy. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press .
31.
Johnson, K.W., W.D. Frazier, and W.F. Riddick, Jr. (1983) "A change strategy for linking the world of academia and practice." J. of Applied Behavioral Sci.19,4:439-451.
Larsen, J.K. (1980) "Knowledge utilization: what is it?" Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization1, 3: 421-442.
34.
Lazarsfeld, P.F. and J.F. Reitz (1975) An introduction to Applied Sociology. New York: Aldine.
35.
Leeuw, F.L. (1985) "Population policy in industrialized nations: the relevance of evaluating policy theories in order to assess the demographic impact of population policy." Genus41 (August).
36.
———(forthcoming) "Reconstructing and evaluating policy theories as an instrument of social impact assessment: The case of future population policies in The Netherlands ," in A. Porter and H. A . Becker (eds.) Impact Assessment Today .
37.
———and M. Van De Vall (1984) "National population policies in industrialized countries: praxis of paradox?" Comparative Social Research7: 351-368.
38.
Levine, A.G. (1982) Love Canal: Science, Politics and People. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.
39.
Lippitt, G.L. (1973) Visualizing Change: Model Building and the Change Process. La Jolla, CA: University Associates.
40.
Macrae, D. (1976) The Social Function of Social Science. New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press.
41.
Majone, C. (1977) "Policy formation: on the notion of political feasibility ." Policy Studies Rev. Annual1: 80-95.
42.
Mark, M.M. and R.L. Shotland (1985) "Stakeholder-based evaluation and value judgments ." Evaluation Rev.9, 5: 605-626.
43.
Mason, R.O. and I.I. Mitroff (1981) Challenging Strategic Planning Assumptions. New York: John Wiley.
44.
Mayer, R.R. and E. Greenwood (1980) The Design of Social Policy Research. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
45.
Mintzberg, H. et al. (1976) "The structure of 'unstructured' decision processes." Admm. Sci. Q.21. 246-275.
46.
Mitroff, I.I. (1983) "Beyond experimentation: new methods for a new age,"pp. 163-177 in E. Seidman (ed.) Handbook of Social Intervention. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
47.
Myrdal, G. (1969) Objectivity in Social Research. New York: Pantheon Press.
48.
Nagel, S.S. and M. Neef (1979) Policy Analysis in Social Science Research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
49.
Nuijten-Edelbroek, L. and H. Spickenheuer (1982) "De politie en de beheersmg van de kleine criminaliteit." Justitiele Verkenningen8: 5-46.
50.
Opp, K.D. (1976) Methodologie der Sozialwissenschaften. Reinbeck bei Hamburg: RRR pocket.
51.
Orlans, H. (1973) Criteria of Choice in Social Science Research. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
52.
Patton, M.Q. (1978) Utilization-Focused Evaluation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
53.
———et al. (1977) "In search of impact: an analysis of the utilization of federal health evaluation research," in C. H. Weiss (ed.) Using Social Research in Public Policy Making. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.
54.
Plantenga, J. (1981) "De keuze van het significantieniveau bij beleidsvoorbereidend sociaal-wetenschappelijk onderzoek." De Sociologische Gids1.
55.
Roessner, J.D. (1980) "Technological diffusion research and national policy issues." Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization2, 2: 179-201.
56.
Rossi, P.H. (1981) "Postwar applied social research: growth and opportunities ." Amer. Behavioral Scientist24, 3: 445-461.
57.
Rothman, J. (1980) Using Research in Organizations. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
58.
———et al. (1983) Marketing Human Service Innovations. Beverly Hills. CA: Sage.
59.
Rule, J.B. (1978) Insight and Social Betterment: A Preface to Applied Social Science. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
60.
Scott, R.A. and A.R. Shore (1979) Why Sociology Does Not Apply: A Study of the Use of Sociology in Public Policy. New York: Elsevier.
61.
Selltiz, C. et al. (1976) Research Methods in Social Relations. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston .
62.
Van deVall, M. and C. Bolas (1977) "Policy research as an agent of planned social intervention." Soc. Practice2: 77-95.
63.
———( 1980) "Applied social science discipline research or social policy research: the emergence of a professional paradigm in sociological research." Amer. Sociologist15: 128-137.
64.
————( 1981) "External vs. internal social policy researchers." Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization2: 461-481.
65.
———( 1982) "Using social policy research for reducing social problems: an empirical analysis of structure and functions." J. of Applied Behavioral Sci.18, 1: 49-67.
66.
---and T.S. Kang (1976) "Applied social research in industrial organizations . J. of Applied Behavioral Sci.12: 158-177.
67.
Van Hoesel, P.H.M. (1985) Programmering van Beleidsonderzoek. Den Haag: LISBON/VUGA.
68.
Weinshall, T.D. (1963) A Dynamic Approach to Organizational Description . Haifa: Technion Department of Industrial and Management Engineering.
69.
Weiss, T.D. (1972) Evaluation Research. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
70.
———( 1978) "Research for policy's sake: the enlightenment function of social research." Policy Studies Rev. Annual2: 67-81.
71.
Wippler, R. (1976) "Individueel handelen en sociale verandering," pp. 126-166 in W. Arts (ed.) Gedrag en Struktuur . Rotterdam: Van Loghum Slaterus .
72.
Zaltman, G. et al. (1982) Theory Construction in Marketing: Some Thoughts on Thinking. New York: John Wiley .
73.
Zeller, R.A. and E.G. Carmines (1980) Measurement in the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
74.
Zetterberg, H.L. (1962) Social Theory and Social Practice. New York: Bedminster.
