This study of 360 lesbian mothers represented 180 dual-parent lesbian families from 38 U.S. states and examined the maternal experiences with stigma and the families’ support systems and burdens. Mothers in lesbian families, who established a lesbian relationship and subsequently had children together, were compared to mothers in lesbian stepfamilies, where partners started their intimate relationship after having children. Results indicated that mothers in lesbian stepfamilies had less support. Both types of families had men in their lives, and most mothers were burdened by concerns regarding their children’s experience of stigma. Both types of families experience stigma; however, mothers in lesbian stepfamilies perceive more stigma. Health care providers (HCP) should know the tolerance for lesbian identities in their community and assist women in disclosing their family constellation. Specific suggestions are provided for the HCP to make these assessments.
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