Long-term memory requires de novo protein synthesis and gene expression, which are mediated by certain intracellular signaling pathways. The noradrenaline (NA) system in the CNS is involved in a wide variety of neurological and psychological functions. In addition to previous pharmacological studies, a recent molecular genetic approach provides behavioral evidence for an essential role of the central NA system in long-term memory formation, particularly in memory consolidation. The potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying memory formation mediated by NA are discussed.
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