Over the course of the past 24 years, the Paralyzed Veterans of America’s Spinal Cord Research Foundation (SCRF) has provided support for more than 400 research grants in a wide range of areas, from improved wheelchair design to axon pathfinding in Drosophila. The Founders of SCRF, as well as its current trustees, believe that it is imperative to target a broad range of research areas to maximize the quality of life for people, both veterans and nonveterans, with paralysis. This approach has involved the support of basic science and clinical research directed towards repair of the spinal cord, as well as research into improved treatments for complications of spinal cord dysfunction and other projects, including engineering grants and conferences, that may enhance the quality of life for people with paralysis within the immediate future.
Basso D, Beattie M, Bresnahan J.1995. A sensitive and reliable locomotor rating scale for open field testing in rats. J Neurotrauma12:1-21.
2.
Basso DM, Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC, Anderson DK, Faden AI, Gruner JA, and others. 1996. MASCIS evaluation of open field locomotor scores: effects of experience and teamwork on reliability. J Neurotrauma13:343-359.
3.
Bethea JR, Nagashima H, Acosta MC, Briceno C, Gomez F, Marcillo AE, and others. 1999. Systemically administered interleukin-10 reduces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and significantly improved functional recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurotrauma16:851-863.
4.
Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Holford TR, Leo-Summers L, Aldrich EF, Fazl M, and others. 1997. Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilizad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. JAMA277:1597-1604.
5.
Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Holford TR, Leo-Summers L, Aldrich EF, Fazl M, and others. 1998. Methylprednisolone or tirilizad mesylate administration after acute spinal cord injury: 1-year follow up. J Neurosurg89:699-706.
6.
Brewer KL, Bethea JR, Yezierski RP. 1999. Neuroprotective effects of interleukin-10 following excitotoxic spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol159:484-493.
7.
Brewer KL, Yezierski RP. 1998. Effects of adrenal medullary transplants on pain-related behaviors following excitotoxic spinal cord injury. Brain Res798:83-92.
8.
Brustle O, Jones KN, Learish RD, Karram K, Choudhary K, Wiestler, and others. 1999. Embryonic stem cell-derived glial precursors: a source of myelinating transplants. Science285:754-756.
9.
Castro-Moure F, Goshgarian HG. 1997. Morphological plasticity induced in the phrenic nucleus following cervical cold block of descending respiratory drive. Exp Neurol147:299-310.
10.
Condic M, Letourneau P.1997. Ligand-induced changes in integrin expression regulate neuronal adhesion and neurite outgrowth. Nature389:852-856.
11.
Constantini S, Young W.1994. The effects of methylprednisolone and the ganglioside GM1 on acute spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurosurg80:97-111.
12.
Creasey GH. 1993. Electrical stimulation of sacral roots for micturition after spinal cord injury. Urol Clin North Am20:505-515.
13.
Eaton MJ, Santiago D, Dancausse H, Whittemore S.1997. Lumbar transplants of immortalized serotonergic neurons alleviate chronic neuropathic pain. Pain72:59-69.
14.
Eaton MJ, Martinez M, Lopez T, Karmally S, Cejas P, Plunkett J.1999a. Lumbar transplant of neurons genetically modified to secrete galanin reverse pain-like behaviors after partial sciatic nerve injury. J Periph Nerv Syst4:281-293.
15.
Eaton MJ, Plunkett JA, Martinez MA, Lopez T, Karmally S, Cejas P, and others. 1999b. Transplants of neuronal cells bio-engineered to synthesize GABA alleviate chronic neuropathic pain. Cell Transplant8:87-101.
16.
Ellezam B, Manitt C, Selles-Navarro I, Kennedy T, McKerracher L.1999. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) regeneration into peripheral nerve (PN) grafts: possible role of netrins. Soc Neurosci Abstr25:495.
17.
Flax JD, Aurora S, Yang C, Simonin C, Wills AM, Billinghurst LL, and others. 1998. Engraftable human neural stem cells respond to developmental cues, replace neurons, and express foreign genes. Nat Biotechnol16:1033-1039.
18.
erratum N Engl J Med325:1659-1660.
19.
Geisler FH, Dorsey FC, Coleman WP. 1992. GM-1 ganglioside in human spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma9(suppl 1):S407-S416.
20.
Goshgarian H, Guth L.1977. Demonstration of functionally ineffective synapses in the guinea pig spinal cord. Exp Neurol57(2):613-621.
21.
Gruner J.1992. A monitored contusion model of spinal cord injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma9:123-128.
22.
Hains BC, Chastain KM, Everhart AW, Hulsebosch CE. 1998. Reduction of chronic central pain following spinal cord injury by transplants of adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. Soc Neurosci Abstr24:1631.
23.
Hama A, Pappas G, Sagen J.1996. Adrenal medullary implants reduce transsynaptic degeneration in spinal cord of rats following chronic constriction nerve injury. Exp Neurol137:81-93.
24.
Hama A, Sagen J.1993. Reduced pain-related behavior by adrenal medullary transplants in rats with experimental painful peripheral neuropathy. Pain52:223-231.
25.
Hama A, Sagen J.1994. Alleviation of neuropathic pain symptoms by xenogeneic chromaffin cell grafts in the spinal subarachnoid space. Brain Res651:183-193.
26.
Howland D, Manitt C, Kennedy T, Tessier-Lavigne M, Muzyczka N.1999. Netrin and its potential role in the injured adult spinal cord. Soc Neurosci Abstr25:495.
27.
Hulsebosch CE, Xu G-Y, Perez-Polo JR, Westlund KN, McAdoo DJ. 1999. A rodent model of chronic central pain after spinal contusion injury. J Neurotrauma16:955.
28.
Kennedy T, Serafini T, de la Torre J, Tessier-Lavigne M.1994. Netrins are diffusible chemotrophic factors for commissural axons in the embryonic spinal cord. Cell78:425-435.
29.
Laywell E, Kukekov V, Steindler D.1999. Multipotent neurospheres can be derived from forebrain subependymal zone and spinal cord of adult mice after protracted postmortem intervals. Exp Neurol156:430-433.
30.
Manitt C, Colicos M, Peterson A, Kennedy T.1999. Netrin-1 is expressed by neurons and oligodendrocytes in the post-natal and adult mammalian spinal cord. Soc Neurosci Abstr25:495.
31.
McAdoo DJ, Xu G-Y, Robak G, Hughes MG. 1999. Changes in amino acid concentrations over time and space around an impact injury and their diffusion through the rat spinal cord. Exp Neurol159:538-544.
32.
Nantwi K, El-bohy A, Goshgarian H.1996. Actions of systemic theophylline in hemidiaphragmatic recovery in rats following cervical spinal cord hemisection. Exp Neurol140(1):53-59.
33.
Nantwi K, Goshgarian H.1998a. Effects of chronic systemic theophylline injections on recovery of hemidiaphragmatic function after cervical spinal cord injury in adult rats. Brain Res789(1):126-129.
34.
Nantwi K, Goshgarian H.1998b. Theophylline-induced recovery in a hemidiaphragm paralyzed by hemisection in rats: contribution of adenosine receptors. Neuropharmacol37(1):113-121.
35.
Park KI, Liu S, Flax JD, Nissim S, Stieg, PE, Snyder EY. 1999. Transplantation of neural progenitor and stem cells: developmental insights may suggest new therapies for spinal cord and other CNS dysfunction. J Neurotrauma16:675-687.
36.
Serafini T, Kennedy T, Galko M, Mirzayan C, Jessell T, Tessier-Lavigne M.1994. The netrins define a family of axon out -growth-promoting proteins homologous to C.elegans UNC-6. Cell78:409-424.
37.
Shihabuddin LS, Pfaff SL, Gage FH. 1999. Environmental signals influencing neuronal differentiation of adult-derived spinal cord stem cell cultures. Eighth International Symposium on Neural Regeneration Abstracts, p 66.
38.
Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodman C.1996. The molecular biology of axon guidance. Science274:1123-1133.
39.
Tessier-Lavigne M, Placzek M.1991. Target attraction: are developing axons guided by chemotropism?Trends Neurosci15:303-310.
40.
Zeman R, Feng Y, Peng H, Etlinger J.1999. Clenbuterol, a β2-adrenoceptor agonist, improves locomotor and histological outcomes after spinal cord contusion in rats. Exp Neurol159:1-7.
