The growing interest in highintensityfocused ultrasound (HIFU) is mainly due to its potential applications as a minimally invasive therapy. HIFU has been assessed for its role in the treatment of localized prostate cancer in patients who otherwise would not have benefited from surgery and in local recurrences after radiation failure.
Methods
Relevant information on HIFU treatment was identified through a MEDLINE search using specified terms. Papers that presented original outcomes were included in the present review.
Results
High biochemical efficacy, excellent tumor local control and favorable mid-term oncological data with a low morbidity rate have been proven in many series of patients.
Conclusions
Although HIFU is a recent and emerging technology, it has been well studied and developed to a point that HIFU will undoubtedly be an effective alternative to radiation therapy.
References
1.
YancikR.. Population aging and cancer: a cross-national concern.Cancer J.2005; 11: 437–441.
2.
LynnL.G., PutnamT.J.. Histological and cerebral lesions produced by focused ultrasound.Ann J Pathol.1944; 20: 637–649.
3.
KennedyJ.E., Ter HaarG.R., CranstonD.. High intensity focused ultrasound: surgery of the future?Br J Radiol.2003; 76: 590–599.
4.
ChapelonJ.Y., MargonariJ., VernierF.. In vivo effects of highintensity ultrasound on prostate adenocarcinoma Dunning R3327.Cancer Res.1992; 52: 6353–6357.
5.
RouviereO., LyonnetD., RaudrantA.. MRI appearance of prostate following transrectal HIFU ablation of localized cancer.Eur Urol.2001; 40: 265–274.
6.
de SennevilleB.D., MougenotC., MoonenC.T.. Real-time methods for treatment of mobile organs by MRI-controlled highintensity focused ultrasound.Magn Reson Med.2007; 57: 319–330.
7.
IllingR.O., LeslieT.A., KennedyJ.E.. Visually directed highintensity focused-ultrasound for organ-confined prostate cancer: a proposed standard for the conduct of therapy.BJU Int.2006; 98: 1187–1192.
8.
FicarraV., AntoniolliS.Z., NovaraG.. Short-term outcome after highintensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of patients with high-risk prostate cancer.BJU Int.2006; 98: 1193–1198.
9.
UchidaT., OhkusaH., NagataY.. Treatment of localized prostate cancer using highintensity focused ultrasound.BJU Int.2006; 97: 56–61.
10.
BlanaA., WalterB., RogenhoferS.. Highintensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: 5-year experience.Urology.2004; 63: 297–300.
11.
ChaussyC., ThuroffS.. The status of highintensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of localized prostate cancer and the impact of a combined resection.Curr Urol Rep.2003; 4: 248–252.
PoissonnierL., ChapelonJ.Y., RouviereO.. Control of prostate cancer by transrectal HIFU in 227 patients.Eur Urol.2007; 51: 381–387. Epub 2006 May 2.
14.
VallancienG., PrapotnichD., CathelineauX.. Transrectal focused ultrasound combined with transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of localized prostate cancer: feasibility study.J Urol.2004; 171: 2265–2267.
15.
ThuroffS., ChaussyC., VallancienG.. Highintensityfocused ultrasound and localized prostate cancer: efficacy results from the Euro-pean multicentric study.J Endourol.2003; 17: 673–677.
16.
UchidaT., OhkusaH., YamashitaH.. Five years experience of transrectal highintensityfocused ultrasound using the Sonablate device in the treatment of localized prostate cancer.Int J Urol.2006; 13: 228–233.
17.
UchidaT., IllingR.O., CathcartP.J.. To what extent does the prostate-specific antigen nadir predict subsequent treatment failure after transrectal highintensityfocused ultrasound therapy for presumed localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate?BJU Int.2006; 98: 537–539.
18.
UchidaT., IllingR.O., CathcartP.J.. The effect of neoadjuvant androgen suppression on prostate cancer-related outcomes after highintensityfocused ultrasound.BJU Int.2006; 98: 770–772. Epub 2006 Jul 28.
19.
RebillardX., DavinJ.L., SoulieM.. Treatment by HIFU of prostate cancer: survey of literature and treatment indications [French].Prog Urol.2003; 13: 1428–1456.
20.
MuratF.J., PoissonierL., GeletA.. Recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy: salvage treatment by highintensityfocused ultrasound.Eur Oncol Dis.2006; 1: 64–66.
21.
MadersbacherS., PedevillaM., VingersL.. Effect of highintensityfocused ultrasound on human prostate cancer in vivo.Cancer Res.1995; 55: 3346–3351.
BorghedeG., AldenborgF., WurzingerE.. Analysis of the local control in lymph-node staged localized prostate cancer treated by external beam radiotherapy, assessed by digital rectal examination, serum prostatespecific antigen and biopsy.Br J Urol.1997; 80: 247–255.
26.
CrookJ., MaloneS., PerryG.. Postradiotherapy prostate biopsies: what do they really mean? Results for 498 patients.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.2000; 48: 355–367.
27.
PollackA., ZagarsG.K., AntolakJ.A.. Prostate biopsy status and PSA nadir level as early surrogates for treatment failure: analysis of prostate cancer randomized radiation dose escalation trial.Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.2002; 54: 677–685.
28.
ZelefskyM.J., FuksZ., HuntM.. High dose radiation delivered by intensity modulated conformal radiotherapy improves the outcome of localized prostate cancer.J Urol.2001; 166: 876–881. Erratum in: J Urol. 2001; 166: 1839.
29.
PaparelP., CurielL., ChesnaisS.. Synergistic inhibitory effect of highintensityfocused ultrasound combined with chemotherapy on Dunning adenocarcinoma.BJU Int.2005; 95: 881–885.
