Refocusing has become one of the major strategies pursued by large organizations in the 1990s. Prior research in the area of upper echelons (top management team) leadership has revealed that there is a strong relationship between top management team characteristics and organizational strategies and outcomes. However, researchers have confined their studies to exploring the impact of observable upper echelon characteristics, namely the demographic traits on corporate strategies and performance. In this study we integrate two main sets of upper echelon leadership characteristics, demographic and psychological traits, and build a theoretical framework to study their impact on corporate refocusing.
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