The Basis and Evidence of a Role for the Ovarian Renin-Angiotensin System in Health and Disease

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the evidence for an intrinsic ovarian renin-angiotensin system (OVRAS), highlighting potential diverse signaling in this system through different bioactive angiotensin peptides, their specific receptors, and second messengers. In addition, sites of action for O VRAS in the regulation of ovarian function in health and disease were reviewed.

DATA SOURCES : We used published journals and abstracts from national scientific meetings. Current developments in the renin-angiotensin field are historically set.

STUDY SELECTION: One hundred referenced articles provided studies on renin-angiotensin systems in mammalian species, including humans.

DATA ABSTRACTION: Interpretation of the reviewed publications was in line with the orig inal authors' conclusions and statistical analysis.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Techniques in molecular biology, biochemistry, and immunohistochemis try have identified an O VRAS in mammalian species. Ovarian tissues contain all the elements for the production of angiotensin, including prorenin/renin, angiotensinogen, and angiotensin- converting enzyme. In addition, angiotensin II is present in ovarian compartments, and receptors for angiotensin II are demonstrated on specific ovarian cells. Angiotensin II is implicated to play a role in ovulation, steroidogenesis, follicular atresia, and hyperandrogenic syndromes.

CONCLUSIONS: The newly identified O VRAS may have important actions in the ovary that range from regulation of ovulation to ovarian dysfunction, such as hyperandrogenic syndromes in women. In this respect, the O VRAS is a putative paracrine/autocrine regulator in the ovary, and pharmacologic regulation of the OVRAS may provide new methods for the management of fertility and reproduction. (J Soc Gynecol Invest 1994;1:118-27)