Training Approaches and Data Entry Methods for Semi-Automated Command and Control Systems

Abstract

In Experiment 1, a response-sensitive instructional strategy was compared to more traditional instructional strategies in an embedded training program designed for manual data entry operators in the Army TOS command and control system. Results showed that using the response-sensitive strategy reduced training time without reducing inputting accuracy. Experiment 2 examined the relative efficiency of four different manual data entry methods: Typing, Typing with an error corrector, Menus, and Auto-completion with an English option. Results show that Menus are the most accurate inputting method. No differences were found in entry time among the methods. Results also showed little agreement between preference and performance for the methods.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Alderman

I. N.

Tactical data inputting: Research in operator performance and training. Proceedings of the Second National Symposium on Management of Data Elements in Information Processing, 1976.

Atkinson

R. C.

Ingredients for a theory of instruction. American Psychologist, 1972, 27, 921–931.

Atkinson

R. C.

and Paulson, J. A. An approach to the psychology of instruction. Psychological Bulletin, 1972, 78, 49–61.

Cohen

A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1960, 20, 37–46.

Gilb

Weinberg

G. M.

Humanized input techniques for reliable keyed input. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Winthrop, 1977.

Kirk

R. E.

Experimental design: Procedures for the behavioral sciences. Belmont, California: Brooks/Cole, 1968.

Nawrocki

L. H.

Strub

M. H.

Cecil

R. M.

Error categorization and analysis in man-computer communication systems. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1973, R-22(3), 135–140.

Parsons

H. M.

Man-machine system experiments. Baltimore: John Hopkins Press, 1972.

Pollock

W. T.

Gildner

G. G.

Study of computer manual input devices. Decision Sciences Laboratory, Electronic Systems Division, Air Force Systems Command Technical Documentry Report No. ESD-TDR-63–545, September, 1963.

10.

Siebel

Data entry devices and procedures. In Van Cott

H. P.

Kinkade

R. G.

(Eds.) Human engineering guide to equipment design (Revised ed.). Washington: McGraw-Hill, 1972.

11.

Strub

M. H.

Automated aids to on-line tactical data inputting. ARI Technical Research Note 262, February, 1975. (AD A0130350).

12.

Winer

B. J.

Statistical principles in experimental design (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975.