As cyber-attacks and their subsequent responses have become more frequent and complex over the past decade, research into the performance and effectiveness of cybersecurity teams has gained an immense amount of traction. However, investigation of teamwork in this domain is lacking due to the exclusion of known team competencies and a lack of reliance on team science. This paper serves to provide insight into the benefit that can be gained from utilizing the extant teamwork literature to improve teams’ research and applications in the domain of cyber-security.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BuchlerN.La FleurC. G.HoffmanB.RajivanP.MarusichL. R.LightnerL. (2018). Cyber teaming and role specialization in a cyber security defense competition. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2133.
2.
BuchlerN.RajivanP.MarusichL. R.LightnerL.GonzalezC. (2018). Sociometrics and observational assessment of teaming and leadership in a cyber security defense competition. Computers & Security, 73, 114–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2017.10.013
3.
Cannon-BowersJ. A.TannenbaumS. I.SalasE.VolpeC. E. (1995). Defining competencies and establishing team training requirements. In Guzzo SalasR. (Eds.), Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations (pp. 333-380). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
4.
ChenT. R.ShoreD. B.ZaccaroS. J.DalalR. S.TetrickL. E.GorabA. K. (2014). An organizational psychology perspective to examining computer security incident response teams. IEEE Security & Privacy, 12(5), 61-67.
5.
ChuB. T.AhnG. J.BlanchardS.DeeseJ.KellyR.YuH.YoungA. (2007). Collegiate cyber game design criteria and participation. In 6th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS 2007) (pp. 1036-1041). IEEE.
6.
ConeB. D.IrvineC. E.ThompsonM. F.NguyenT. D. (2007). A video game for cyber security training and awareness. computers & security, 26(1), 63-72.
7.
DawsonJ.ThomsonR. (2018). The future cybersecurity workforce: Going beyond technical skills for successful cyber performance. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 744.
8.
DevineD. J.ClaytonL. D.PhilipsJ. L.DunfordB. B.MelnerS. B. (1999). Teams in organizations: Prevalence, characteristics, and effectiveness. Small group research, 30(6), 678-711.
9.
FieldM. (2018). WannaCry cyber attack cost the NHS£ 92m as 19,000 appointments cancelled. the telegraph, 2018.
10.
GauriotR.PageL. (2019). Fooled by Performance Randomness: Overrewarding Luck. Review of Economics and Statistics, 101(4), 658-666.
11.
GranåsenM.AnderssonD. (2016). Measuring team effectiveness in cyber-defense exercises: a cross-disciplinary case study. Cognition, Technology & Work, 18(1), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-015-0350-2
12.
HenshelD. S.DeckardG. M.LufkinB.BuchlerN.HoffmanB.RajivanP.CollmanS. (2016, November). Predicting proficiency in cyber defense team exercises. In MILCOM 2016-2016 IEEE Military Communications Conference (pp. 776-781). IEEE.
13.
HughesA. M.ZajacS.WoodsA. L.SalasE. (2020). The Role of Work Environment in Training Sustainment: A Meta-Analysis. Human factors, 62(1), 166-183.
JariwalaS.ChampionM.RajivanP.CookeN. J. (2012). Influence of Team Communication and Coordination on the Performance of Teams at the iCTF Competition. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 56(1), 458–462. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561044
16.
MathieuJ.MaynardM. T.RappT.GilsonL. (2008). Team effectiveness 1997-2007: A review of recent advancements and a glimpse into the future. Journal of management, 34(3), 410-476.
17.
MancusoV. F.McNeeseM. (2013). TeamNETS: scaled world simulation for distributed cyber teams. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 509-513). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
18.
MauerB.StackpoleB.JohnsonD. (2012). Developing small team-based cyber security exercises.
19.
MejianR. (2016). Red team versus blue team: How to run an effective simulation. CSO Online-Security and Risk
20.
NewhouseW.KeithS.ScribnerB.WitteG. (2017). National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework. National Institute of Standards and Technology. doi: 10.6028/nist.sp.800-181
21.
SalasE.Cannon-BowersJ. A. (2000). The anatomy of team training. Training and retraining: A handbook for business, industry, government, and the military, 312-335.
22.
SalasE.DiazGranadosD.KleinC.BurkeC. S.StaglK. C.GoodwinG. F.HalpinS. M. (2008). Does team training improve team performance? A meta-analysis. Human factors, 50(6), 903-933.
23.
SalasE.GuthrieJ. W.JrWilson-DonnellyK. A.PriestH. A.BurkeC. S. (2005). Modeling team performance: The basic ingredients and research needs. Organizational simulation, 185-228.
24.
SalasE.RosenM. A.BurkeC. S.GoodwinG. F. (2008). The wisdom of collectives in organizations: An update of the teamwork competencies. In Team effectiveness in complex organizations (pp. 73-114). Routledge.
