Ten-Year Evaluation of Cementless Buechel-Pappas Meniscal Bearing Total Ankle Replacement

Abstract

A porous-coated, cementless, congruent-contact, three-piece, meniscal-bearing total ankle replacement was developed and used clinically over a 2- to 10-year period for patients with disabling ankle arthritis. Polished titanium-nitride ceramic-coated Ti₆Al₄V tibial and talar components with a deep-sulcus trochlear groove and two lateral fixation fins for the talar onlay component were used. The ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPe) meniscal bearing congruently conformed to the flat upper tibial component surface and the deep sulcus and cylindrical geometry of the lower talar component surface. Fifty deep-sulcus (Buechel-Pappas™) total ankle replacements were implanted in 49 patients. Diagnoses were 8 osteoarthritis (16%), 7 rheumatoid arthritis (14%), 2 avascular necrosis (4%), and 33 post-traumatic arthritis (66%). Ages ranged from 26 to 71 years (mean 49 years). Clinical results using a strict ankle scoring system demonstrated good/excellent results in 88% of cases. Postoperative ankle motion ranged from 12° to 46° total arc (mean 28°), which was similar to the preoperative motion. Revision for malalignment was necessary in two cases (4%). Mechanical complications included one case of meniscal bearing wear (2%) in a patient with posttraumatic arthritis with component malalignment and one case of talar component subsidence (2%) in a patient with avascular necrosis of the talus. No tibial component loosening was seen. Cumulative survivorship using an end point of revision of any component for any reason was 93.5% at 10 years (confidence interval 61–100%).